Pharmacokinetics 6

Question 1

Relationship between frequency of dosage and fluctuation

Answer 1

Higher frequency = less fluctuation

Question 2

Relationship between speed of dosage form liberation and fluctuation

Answer 2

Slower release = less fluctuation

Question 3

Simple Tablets Def

Answer 3

Rapid release. Need to be administered frequently at lower concs to reduce fluctuations. eg Tegretol

Question 4

Modified Release Tablets Def

Answer 4

Slow release. Can be administered less frequently (better patient compliance). Eg Tegretol SR

Question 5

Non-linear Kinetics

Answer 5

Usually 0 order. Half life varies. Increase in dose size doesn’t result in proportional increase in blood conc (eg 25% dose increase could result in 50% drug increase)

Question 6

Relationship between therapeutic window and frequency of admin

Answer 6

narrow therapeutic window = increased frequency of admin at lower doses

Question 7

Relationship between elimination rate and frequency of admin

Answer 7

slow elimination rate = decreased frequency of admin

Question 8

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Outline

Answer 8

Clinical application of pharmacokinetic principles. Predict dose-conc relationships in patients. Maximising therapeutic effect and minimising toxicity.Assumption between correlation and effect

Question 9

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Assumptions

Answer 9

Correlation between drug and effect. Therapuetic index is well defined. Plasma levels reflect tissues. Steady state conditions reached

Question 10

Population Data TDM

Answer 10

Average Vd and Cl values taken from large group. Dose adjusments made for smoking/different disease states

Question 11

Individual Data TDM

Answer 11

Average Vd and Cl values taken from patient’s blood after taken known drug dose

Question 12

Salt Factor Outline

Answer 12

Correction value accounting for none therapeutic agents in dosage form making up salt