pharmacogenetics Flashcards
does everyone respond the same way to drugs
no
pharmacogenetics
study of genetic basis for variation in drug response. looks at single gene interactions with drugs
pharacogenomics
whole genome application of pharmacogenetics
genotype
inherited genetic information
phenotype
expression of genetic information related to morphology, functionality and behavior
single nucleotide polymorphism
single base change in DNA coding for gene
aldehyde dehydrogenase rola and insufficient consequese
ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde , builds up causes flushing, nausea
insertion/deletions (indels)
addition/deletion of base in DNA strand in a specific gene
N-acetyltransferase Type 2 (NAT2) does what
acetylates isoniazid
what happens when you have low N-acetyltransferase Type 2 (NAT2)
acetylators have more isoniazid toxicity
N-acetyltransferase Type 2 (NAT2) is seen in what population and not seen in what population
seen in: Inuit and Japanese
not seen in: Scandinavians, Jews, North African whites
pharmacokinetic
what body does to drug
biotransformation
trapnsort (kidney, liver)
pharmacodynamic
drug receptors and targets
polymorphisms related to an underlying disease can impact response to what
unrelated drug therapy
CYP3A5*1 wild type allele is common in what popluations
African > caucasaian
drugs metabolized by CYP3A5 will be metabolized faster by which population
Africans
Warfin pharmacology can be altered in drug process
metabolic enzyme
its target
what does Warfarin do
blood thinner
drug effect of 2B6 (CYP polymorphisms)
cyclophosphamide failure
drug effect of 2C9 (CYP polymorphisms)
increased risk of bleeding - warfarin
drug effect on GST (phase II enzyme polymorphism)
- increase toxicity of alkylating agents
- decrease response in breast cancer, AML
Gilberts Syndrome 1A1 (phase II enzyme polymorphism) drug effect
- increase Irinotecan toxicity
- increase morphine plasma levels
transporters of drugs are important where
biliary and renal excretion
choroid plexus
influx/efflux of drugs in excretory cells
what does P-glycoprotein do
takes toxins out of drug
Digoxin
Warfarin effects what enzyme/receptor
Vitamin K oxidoreductase
G6PD gene produce deficiency uses what drug and what response
Dapsone
methemoglobinemia
