Antigens Flashcards
what the adaptive immune systems see are broadly referred to as
antigens
exact area of recognition on antigen is called
antigenic determinant
what the adaptive immune sees and reacts to is termed
immunogen
what are the 4 classes of pathogens the immune system protects against
- extracellular (bacteria)
- intracellular (bacteria)
- viruses (intracellular)
- parasitic worms (extra cellular)
what is the immune system capable of seeing
chemicals nucleic acids carbohydrates lipids peptides
what are some characteristics of a molecule that has high immunogenicity
complex molecules
what type of antigen is the most common
proteins
what happens in B cell recognition
antibodies bind to antigens
what happens in T cell recognition
antigen broken up
epitope exposed
epitope binds to MHC
T cell binds to MHC/epitope
Immunodominant epitopes
dominate over others in the elicitation of immune responses on antigen
cross reactivity
recognizing ligand will see original antigen but may also seen an unrelated antigen
antigenic determinants/epitopes
portion of antigen recognized by B and T lymphocytes
haptens
not immunogens by themselves but become immunogens when attached to a large carrier molecule
name 3 factors that influence recognition of antigen for vaccines
dose ( number and interval)
size and route of exposure
health and genetics of individual
most vaccination protocols rely on what cells for its effectivness
robust B cell ( humoral response)
