Innate immunity Flashcards
the first 3 steps of innate immunity include what
mechanical
chemical - enzymes
microbiological - flora
cells of innate immunity are called what
leukocytes
what leukocytes are found in the tissue
macrophage
dendritic cell
mast cells
what leukocytes are found in blood
neurtophil
eosinophil
basophil
for inflammation mast cells/macrophages produce what
histamine
cytokines
prostaglandins
what soluble proteins are relased for inflammation
complement
C-reactive proteins
lysozymes
DAMPS
damage-associated molecular patterns
PAMPs
pathogen- associated molecular patterns
DAMPS and PAMPS are sensed by
PRR
pattern recognition receptors
how does innate recognize pathogens
different pathogens have general signatures
name 3 receptor families that detect pathogen signature
Toll-like receptor
NOD like receptor
RIG like receptor
Toll-like receptor
prototypical PRR, multiple targets
NOD like receptor
RIG like receptor
cytoplasmic on multiple cell
RIG - virus
where are Toll like receptors expressed
surface or endosome
Toll like receptors signal through what adaptor protein
MyD88 or TLR3
what does Toll like receptors activate
NFKB and IRFs
NFKB regulates what process
inflammation
what is the most common Toll like receptor
LPS
macrohpages are what
professional innate cells
what are two roles for macrophages
kill microbes
signal to adaptive immunity
what type of receptors does machrophages show
cytokine and complement
who alerts the macrophages
PAMPs and DAMPs
macrophage releases IL-1 beta
fever
macrophage releases TNF- alpha
fever
macrophage releases IL-6
Fever
macrophage releases CXL8
recruites basophils
T cells
macrophage releases IL-12
activates NK
what three cytokines can lead to septic shock and even death
IL1
IL6
TNF alpha
what innate immune proteins does the liver produce
C-reactive protein
mannose-binding
what cytokine induces liver to produce proteins
IL6
missing self hypothesis
if cell is missing MHC class 1, then NK cells will attach
Nk cells produce what cytokine
IFN gama
NK cells respond to
IL12
TNF alpha
IFN type 1 alpha/beta
virus-infected cell produces what interferons
IFN beta
IFN alpha
what does INF beta do
goes to uninfected cell and prevents infection
what does INF alpha do
- resistance to viral DNA
- increase MHC class 1
- activate NK cells
mast cells and basophils are covered with what
PRRs
IgE
what do mast cells/basophils release
pre-synthesized TNF-alpha, histamine
what other cell does mast cell/basophil cell release
dendritic cell
neutrophils end in what formation and what does this achieve
NETS
immobilize pathogen
what is the 4 step process of brining in neurtophil
rolling adhesion: selectin
tight binding: LFA-1
diapedesis: CD31
Migration:
eosinophil fight was kind of infection
parasitic infection
