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Jessica: NPLEX 2 Pharmacology > Pharmaceuticals (81-100) > Flashcards

Pharmaceuticals (81-100) Flashcards

1
Q

Cephalexin

A

C: Cephalosporin

*similar drugs - cephalexin (1st generation), cefdinir (3rd generation)

A: inhibits cell wall synthesis

I: 1st gen - impetigo, carbuncles, cellutitis, OM
I: 3rd gen - URTI, GC

SE: allergic rxn, pseudomembraneous colitis, leukopenia

CI: penicillin allergy

Intx: alcohol

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2
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

C: Fluoroquinolones

A: inhibits DNA gyrase

I: UTI, traveler’s diarrhea, OM, GC, flu

SE: c-diff infections, tendon rupture, QT prolongation

CI: kids

Intx: antacids, sucralfate, chemo drugs, other QT prolongation agents

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3
Q

Doxycycline

A

C: Tetracycline antibiotic

A: inhibits protein synthesis

I: rickettsiae, acne, rosacea, PID, syphillis

SE: photosensitivity, yellow teeth in kids

CI: kids under 8 yo, activates SLE

Intx: penicillin

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4
Q

Metronidazole

A

C: ANTIBIOTIC

A: reduces organism = DNA damage

I: BV,Trichomonas, Crohns, Hpylori, C. diff

SE: Disulfiram reaction, neurotoxic with long-term usage

CI: liver failure, 1st trimester of pregnancy, lactation

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5
Q

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

A

C: Sulfonamides

A: blocks bacterial enzymes and folate synthesis

I: travelers diarrhea, malaria, MRSA, UTI

SE: SJS

CI: sulfa allergy, porphyria, severe liver/renal dz, G6PD deficiency

Intx: cyclosporine, MTX, phenytoin, etc.

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6
Q

Isoniazid

A

C: anti-TB agent

A: pyridoxine (B6) analog

I: TB

SE: peripheral neuropathy from pyridoxine deficiency

CI: hypersensitivity

Intx: alcohol, other drugs that are chemically similar

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7
Q

Mupirocin

A

C: carboxylic acid

A: inhibits bacterial protein and RNA synthesis

I: IN for MRSA, topical for impetigo d/t infx

SE: normal shit if apply topically or IN

CI: open wounds and burns

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8
Q

Fluconazole

A

C: antifungal

A: inhibits fungal cell wall synthesis

I: Candida, menigitis, other fungal infx

SE: SJS and QT prolongation

Intx; MANYYYY intx because strong multi-CYP inhibitor

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9
Q

Nystatin

A

C: antifungal

A: fungicidal

I: vaginal candida, thrush

SE: not systemically absorbed so mild SE

CI: Preg B - swish and spit, Preg C - oral

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10
Q

Terbinafine

A

C: Antifungal

A: inhibits squalene epoxidase

I: tinea of all kinds

SE: pancytopenia, neutropenia, SJS, hepatotoxic

CI: SLE

Intx: CYP2D6 inhibitors

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11
Q

Permethrin

A

C: scabicides and pediculicides

A: sodium channel inhibitor in arthropods

I: scabies and lice

SE: seizures

CI: keep out of mouth of breast feeding infants, ragweed or chrysanthemium spp allergies.

Intx: none cause topical application

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12
Q

Tdap and DTaP vaccine

A

C: Vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: diphtheria, pertussis, Tetanus preventon

SE: seizures (uncommon) - normal SE of vaccines

CI: previous reaction to DTaP, fever over 105

Intx: None

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13
Q

Hepatitis A

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: HAV

SE: normal shit

CI: moderate/severe illness

Intx: None known

2 doses 1 month apart in kids

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14
Q

Hepatitis B

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: HBV

SE: normal shit + hypotension

CI: moderate/severe illness and hypersensitivity to yeast

Intx: None known

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15
Q

Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccine

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: H. influenzae B meningitis and pneumonia prevention

SE: normal shit

CI: moderate/severe illness, immunosuppression

Intx: None known

2 doses 1 month apart in kids

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16
Q

HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine

A

C: Vaccine

A: induce immunity against 6, 11, 16, 18

I: HPV infection prevention

SE: AI dz (very rare) otherwise normal SE

CI: administration before 9 yo, moderate/severe illness, pregnancy, low platelets

Intx: None

17
Q

Influenza Vaccine

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: Influenza

SE: normal shit

CI: moderate/severe illness, immunocompromised (if live vaccine)

Intx: None known but if live vaccine, administer 4 weeks between other vaccines

18
Q

Meningococcal Vaccine

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: prevention of neisseria meningitidis

SE: normal shit

CI: moderate/severe illness

Intx: None known

19
Q

MMR Vaccine

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation (live)

I: MMR prevention

SE: rare - febrile seizures, loss of hearing, brain damage, coma, prolonged seizures

CI: moderate/severe illness, pregnancy, blood dyscraasia, leukemia

Intx: None known but decreased efficacy if taken within 4 weeks of another live vaccine

20
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine

A

C: vaccine

A: immune stimulation

I: prevent strep pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, etc in vulnerable populations

SE: normal shit

CI: moderate/severe illness

Intx: None known

Jessica: NPLEX 2 Pharmacology (11 decks)

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