Pharmaceuticals 61-80) Flashcards
Rivastigmine
C: parasympathomimetic(cholinesterase inhibitor)
A: increases Acetylcholine in PNS
I: AD, PD
SE: diarrhea, N/V, cholinergic SE, SEIZURES
CI: active GI ulcer/bleed
Intx: other anticholinergics, cholinergics, beta blockers
Donepezil
C: parasympathomimetic (cholinesterase inhibitors)
A: increases Acetylcholine in PNS
I: AD
SE: diarrhea, N/V, cholinergic SE, SEIZURES
CI: active GI ulcer/bleed
Intx: CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, cholinergics, anticholinergics, beta blockers
Trastuzumab
C: chemotherapy
A: monoclonal antibody
I: Her2 GI and breast cancer
SE: v. dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, CHF
CI: none but cautiously use
Intx: other cardiotoxic and myelosupressive drugs
Anastrozole
C: Aromataste inhibitor
A: presents estrogen production
I: E2+ breast cancer, BPH, prostate cancer (excess testosterone)
SE: hot flashes, vasodilation, HTN, mood changes, OP
CI: caution CVD< angina, MI, OP
Intx: estrogen and testosterone drugs
Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol and norgestimate/ethinyl estradiol
C: birth control
A: supresses GSH, LH = inhibits ovulation and makes cervical mucus impenetrable = replaces Progesterone made endogenously
I: BC and acne
SE: stroke, MI, DVT, HTN, emdometriol or liver cancer, cholelithiasis
CI: smoker, pregnancy, CVD, HTN, clotting issues, estrogen-sensitive cancers, major surgery/prolonged immobilization
Intx: warfarin, TCA, CYp3A4 inhibitors/inducers
Conjugated estrogens
C: Homones
A: blocks bone breakdown and replace estrogen to decrease menopausal sx
I: OP, menopause, AUB
SE: stroke, MI, DVT, HTN, emdometriol or liver cancer, cholelithiasis
CI: smoker, pregnancy, CVD, HTN, clotting issues, estrogen-sensitive cancers, major surgery/prolonged immobilization
Intx: warfarin, TCA, CYp3A4 inhibitors/inducers
Natural estrogens
C: Hormones (strongest: E2, weakest: estriol (E3), estrone is 1/3 as strong as estradiol)
A: blocks bone breakdown and replace estrogen to decrease menopausal sx
I: OP, menopause, AUB, vulva atrophy, etc.
SE: stroke, MI, DVT, HTN, emdometriol or liver cancer, cholelithiasis
CI: smoker, pregnancy, CVD, HTN, clotting issues, estrogen sensitive cancers, major surgery/prolonged immobilization
Intx: warfarin, TCA, CYp3A4 inhibitors/inducers
Progesterone
C: Hormone
A: suppresses FSH and LH and replaces progesterone, thickens cervical mucus plug
I: post meno endometrial hyperplasia prevention (given with estrogen), secondary amenorrhea
SE: depression, weight gain
CI: liver dz, breast or uterine cancer, missed abortion, undx vaginal bleeding
Intx: warfarin, TCA, CYp3A4 inhibitors/inducers
NO PREGNANCY CATEGORY - SOMETIMES USED TO PREVENT MISCARRIAGE
Progestins
C: Synthetic hormones
A: suppresses FSH and LH and replaces progesterone, thickens cervical mucus plug
I: (oral) - contraception, emergency contraception, PMS, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, secondary amenorrhea, endometriosis, etc
I: (IUD) - contraception, dysmenorrhea
SE: TOXIC - always try natural progesterone first but fluid retention, breast cancer, spotting for 3 months post IUD implant, ectopic pregnancy, PID, uterine/cervical perforation
CI: liver dz, breast or uterine cancer, missed abortion, undx vaginal bleeding, clotting issues, hx ectopic pregnancy (IUD)
Intx: CYp3A4 inhibitors/inducers
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
C: Antibiotic
A: anthracycline antibiotic
I: one of most useful cancer drug
SE: CHF, necrosis of colon, esophagitis
CI: CHF, heart arrhythmias, previous tx with rx, BM supression
Intx: allopurinal, cyclosporine, progesterone
5 - FU
C: pyrimidine antimetabolite
A: interferes with DNA synthesis
I: carcinomas, actinic keratosis, solar keratosis, BCC
SE: stomatitis, leukopenia, GI ulcerations, myelosuppression
CI: poor nutritional status, thrombocytopenia, major surgery
Intx: MT, avoid alcohol
Vinblastine
C: anti-neoplastic
A: inhibits mitosis
I: hodgkins and non-hodgkins lymphoma
SE: raynauds disease
CI: severe BM supression, bacterial infx
Intx: SJW
Paclitaxel
C: antimicrotubule
A: inhibits microtubule formation
I: cancer - lung, ovary, breast, head/neck
SE: anaphylaxis - REQUIRED TO PRETX WITH STEROID/ANTIHISTAMINE
CI: severe neutropenia
Intx: cyp3a4 inducer/inhibitors
Clopidogrel
C: antiplatelet
A: prevents fibrinogen = decreased platelet adhesion and aggregation
I: stroky things and atherosclerosis
SE: diarrhea, rash, hemorrhage, bleeding
CI: allergy, coag dz
Intx: cyclosporine, diltiazem, NSAIS, anticoagulants
Warfarin
C; Vitamin K analog
A: anticoagulation - inhibits formation and activity of vitamin K - dependent clotting factors - prothrombin, 7, 9, 10
I: DVT, hypercoagulation, a.fib, artificial heart valves
SE: hemorrhage, necrosis, OD can be lethal (OD: vitamin K, prothrombin)
CI: hemorrhage, Menorrhagic, leukemia, cancer, GI bleed, severe HTN, etc.
Intx: manyyyy - highly protein bound
*MONITOR PT OR INR REGULARLY
