Pharmaceuticals (101-120) Flashcards
Rotavirus (RGE) Vaccine
C: vaccine
A: immune stimulation (live)
I: prevention of RGE gastroenteritis
SE: normal shit + intussception
CI: moderate/severe illness
Intx: None known
Varicella Vaccine
C: vaccine
A: immune stimulation (live)
I: varicella prevention
SE: normal shit but also rare/serious are rash/seizure
CI: moderate/severe illness, pregnancy, immunodeficiency
Intx: None known
Zoster Vaccine
C: vaccine
A: immune stimulation
I: Shingles prevention over 50 yo
SE: normal shit but also rare/serious are rash/seizure
CI: moderate/severe illness
Intx: None known
Testosterone
C: Hormone
A: anabolic on mm but also increased bone density, EPO production, and may be protective against AI disorders
I: AIDS wasting, anorchia, hypogonadism, OP
SE: virilization, gynecomastia, high calcium and cholesterol, liver cancer, edema, jaundice
CI: severe CVD, breast or prostate cancer, BPH (can worsen)
Intx: warfarin and cyclosporin
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
C: Hormone
A: decreases blood lipids, anticancer, anti-glucocorticoid, stimulates immune system, increases hormone production
I: aging, depression, SLE, ED, OP
SE: androgenic effects - acne, hirsutism
CI: G6PD deficiency, cancer of breast, prostate, uterus, ovaries
Intx: estrogen possibly
Pregnenolone
C: Hormone
A: precursor to steroid hormones - can be converted into many different hormones
I: memory enhancement, AD, etc.
SE: unknown
CI: G6PD deficiency, cancer of breast, prostate, uterus, ovaries
Tamsulosin
C and A: alpha-adrenergic blocking agent
I: BPH sx reflief
SE: retrograde ejaculation, orthostatic hypotension
CI: caution in CAD< liver dz, sulfa allergy
Intx: other meds in same category or anti HTN agents
Finasteride
C and A: 5 alpha reductase inhibitors to reduce prostatic volume
I: BPH
SE: ED, low libido
CI: liver dz
Intx: none
Sildenafil
C: PDE5 inhibitor
A: releases NO in corpus cavernosum = increases cGMP = SM relaxation = inflow of blood
I: ED
SE: HA, flushing, nasal congestion - rare: MI, vision loss
CI: using with nitroglycerin and CHF/MI
Intx: CYP3A4 inducers/inhibitors and increased bleeding in patients with heparin
Cocaine
C: local anesthetic
A: blocking MAO and NE, HT, DA = anesthesia
I: URT local anesthetic - nasal/lacrimal duct surgery
SE: vasoconstriction locally,, seizures, arrhythmias, perforated nasal septum, etc.
not commonly used d/t hypertensive effects and vasoconstriction
CI: pregnancy
Intx: unknown
Sumatriptan
C: selective serotonin receptor agonist
A: works in cranial nerves = vasoconstriction and anti-inflammatory
I: tx of migraine with or w/o aura
SE: burning at injection site. dizziness, paresthesias, pain/chest tightness, worm/cold temp sensations
CI: CVD, HTN, peripheral vascular dz - BASILAR AND HEMIPLEGIC MIGRAINES
Intx: bromocriptin, MAOis, SSRIs, TCA
Caffeine
C: Stimulant
A: adenosine antagonist, diuretic
I: HA, migraine, mental stimulation
SE: tachyarrhythmias, dependence
CI: None?
Intx: fluvoxamine and levofloxacin
Modafinil
C: controlled substance class 4 drug
A: CNS depressant = increases glutamate (excitatory)
I: narcolepsy, shift workers
SE: rhinitis, anorexia, nausea, restlessness, HTN, SJS
CI: CVD
Intx: alcohol, synnergy with other stimulants - pausin. yohimbe and ephedra sinica, OCPs
Ketamine
C: anesthetic
A: blocks NMDA receptors = analgesia and sedation
I: anesthesia, nerve pain topically
SE: nystagmus, hallucinations, dissociations, vivid dreams, HTN, tachy, etc.
CI: HTN, eye injury, psychiatric disorders
Intx: opioids, narcotics, barbiturates
Levodopa-carbidopa
C: Decarboxylase inhibitors
A: decreasing peripheral catabolism of levodopa = levodopa enters CNS = levodopa is converted into dopamine
I: PD, RLS
SE: dyskinesia, dystonia, loss of effect after 5 years, ortho hypOtension
CI: abrupt withdrawal, MAOIs, glaucoma
Intx: iron, isoniazid, meochlopramide, prochlorperazine
