Pharma Effects on Specific Systems Flashcards
General Anesthesia
- Confusion + muscle weakness = most common
- Can last for several days
- Can result in retained pulmonary secretions = postural drainage + breathing techniques
Local Anesthesia
- Diminished sensation + motor function
- Do NOT put heating modalities on/near transdermal patch -> accelerates absorption = toxic effects
Opioid Analgesic Agents
- Sedation + respiratory depression
- Schedule PT to coincide with max effectiveness of drug to allow PT to be more aggressive + better participation from pt
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- GI discomfort — UNLIKELY to have effect on PT session
- Not as strong as opioids but also don’t cause sedation
Antiarthritic Agents
- Depends on type of agent
- Glucocorticoid drugs = breakdown of tendon, bone or skin —— CAUTIOUS with aggressive stretching + strengthening exercises to decrease risk of FRACTURE and SOFT TISSUE INJURY
- Some can cause joint pain + swelling
Antiepileptic Agents
- Cerebellar side effects - ataxia, loss of coordination
- Skin conditions - dermatitis
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
- Sedation + muscle weakness
Anti-Parkinson’s Agents
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Schedule PT to coincide with max effectiveness - 1 hour after administration with Levodopa
Antihypertensive Agents
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Avoid interventions that cause widespread VASODILATION - ex: whirlpool
- Use RPE if they have diminished HR response to exercise (Beta blockers)
Antianginal Agents
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Avoid interventions that cause widespread VASODILATION - ex: whirlpool
- Use RPE
- Some pts may have increased exercise tolerance because they are not limited by angina
Antiarrhythmic Agents
- Can cause increase in arrhythmias or change in type of arrhythmia
- If using Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers = OH
CHF Agents
- Depends on type of drug
- Diuretics = fatigue + muscle weakness associated with diminished fluid + electrolyte levels
- Vasodilating drugs = OH = avoid interventions that cause widespread vasodilation = whirlpool
Anticoagulant Agents
- Increased risk of bleeding
- Interventions that can cause tissue trauma (soft tissue massage, chest percussion, etc) performed with CAUTION
Respiratory Agents
- Bronchodilators - cardiac arrhythmias, confusion, + tremors = signs of toxicity = closely monitor
- Mucolytic + expectorant agents - no significant side effects - NEED to be taken 30-60 min before chest PT for max effectiveness
Sedative-hypnotic + Antianxiety Agents
- Drowsiness, increased risk of falls + injury
- AVOID scheduling PT a few hours after taking because pt is too drowsy to actively participate
Antidepressant Agents
- Depends on type
- Lithium + tricyclics = sedation + muscle weakness
- Some cause and increased risk for OH while others cause increased risk for HTN
Antipsychotic Agents
- Extrapyramidal sx = dyskinesia + dystonia
- Monitor for changes in posture, balance, + movement pattern + NOTIFY personnel IMMEDIATELY
GI Agents
- Side effects do not interrupt PT
- Minor side effects = dizziness, fatigue, + GI disturbances
Adrenocorticosteroid Agents
- Glucocorticoid drugs = breakdown of tendon, bone or skin —— CAUTIOUS with aggressive stretching + strengthening exercises to decrease risk of FRACTURE and SOFT TISSUE INJURY
- Most effect on older, inactive pts with poor nutrition habits
- Glucocorticoid + mineralocorticoid drugs can lead to water retention + contribute to HTN - MONITOR BP
Sex Hormone Replacement Therapy
- Estrogen, progesterones, + androgens = salt + water retention = HTN - MONITOR BP
Thyroid Agents
- Side effects associated with sx of the opposite condition
- Parathyroid - calcium supplementation -> cardiac arrhythmias if used in excessive amounts - PT monitor cardiac function to avoid drug toxicity
Insulin Replacement Therapy
- Hypoglycemia - (see notecard for sx)
- Monitor + provide source of glucose if needed
Antibacterial Agents
- Hypersensitivity of skin or respiratory tract
- CAUTION with use of UV light treatment
Chemotherapy Agents
- Severe fatigue - will be days when pt cannot tolerate even a light workload
- Toxic effects of CNS + PNS - AWARE of peripheral neuropathy or ataxia
Immunomodulating Agents
- Catabolic effects on muscle, tendon + bone - CAUTIOUS with aggressive stretching + strengthening exercises to decrease risk of FRACTURE and SOFT TISSUE INJURY
- Balance + gait impairments 2* peripheral neuropathy or CNS damage
