Pharma

Question 1

POM

Answer 1

Prescription only medicines

Question 2

P meds

Answer 2

Pharmacy only meds

Question 3

GSL

Answer 3

General sales list

Question 4

Who can prescribe

Answer 4

Dentists
Nurses
Pharmacists
Doctors
Vets\

Question 5

Agonist vs antagonist

Answer 5

Agonist mimics effect while antagonist blocks effects

Question 6

Pharmacology def

Answer 6

Study of the ACTION of drugs on living systems

Question 7

Pharmodynamics

Answer 7

What the drug does to the body

Question 8

Pharmokinetics

Answer 8

What the body does to the drug , fate of the drug molecule

Question 9

Who discovered penicillium

Answer 9

Alexander Fleming

Question 10

3 types of drug names , chemical, proprietary, generic. What does each mean

Answer 10

Chemical is the IUPAC name that describes the chemical structure

Generic is the international non-proprietary name NO CAPITAL letters eg. fluoxetine

Proprietary is the trade name

Question 11

Two methods of drug administration

Answer 11

Orally and intravenous

Question 12

Where are drugs metabolized and excreted

Answer 12

Metabolized in the liver excreted via GIT or biliary or kidneys

Question 13

Routes of drug penetration into cells

Answer 13

Diffuse thru lipid membrane
Diffuse thru aqueous channels
Carrier proteins
Pinocytosis

Question 14

How do lipophilic drugs enter

Answer 14

Through lipid membrane of cell

Question 15

How do hydrophilic drugs enter the cell

Answer 15

Carrier mediated

Question 16

What are the characteristics of orally administered drugs

Answer 16

Small and moderately lipophilic

Question 17

What is logP

Answer 17

Tells you if a drug is lipophilic or hydrophilic. If logP between 0 and 5, it is moderately lipophilic

Question 18

Is Tmax dependent or independent of dose

Answer 18

Tmax is independent of dose, determined by rate constants for absorption and elimination of drug

Question 19

What is Cmax

Answer 19

C max is the maximum concentration of drug in plasma, the rate of absorption - rate of elimination

Question 20

What is AUC (area under concentration time curve)

Answer 20

AUC is the measure of total exposure to drug, how long the drug stays in the system

Question 21

What do drugs do

Answer 21

They mimic or block the action of endogenous molecules like hormones or neurotransmitters by binding and interacting chemicals with particular constituents of cells

Question 22

Are many drugs monoclonal antibodies

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

What do drugs target

Answer 23

Proteins ( receptors, enzymes, ion channels, transporters)

Question 24

What is a receptor

Answer 24

A receptor is a recognition molecule for a LIGAND to bind to and transduce a signal

Question 25

What is a the master key

Answer 25

Endogenous ligand

Question 26

Which is the fastest type of receptor

Answer 26

Ion Channel receptors followed by

G protein coupled receptors

Enzyme coupled receptors eg. Kinases

Question 27

What receptor does local anaesthetic target

Answer 27

Ion channel receptors

Question 28

Ligand

Answer 28

A chemical that binds to a receptor

Question 29

Does agonist have Efficacy or affinity

Answer 29

Both

Question 30

Does antagonist have efficacy or affinity

Answer 30

Only affinity, can bind but cannot activate receptor

Question 31

Affinity def

Answer 31

Affinity is a measure if the strength of association between ligand and receptors

Stronger affinity, less dissociation of ligand and receptor

Question 32

Efficacy def

Answer 32

Measure of the ability to evoke a response

Low efficacy Low response

Question 33

How does albumin affect potency

Answer 33

Decrease potency of drug

Question 34

Should drugs be potent and selective

Answer 34

Yes, but be aware that potent drugs may have undesirable effects