Pharm of Skin Flashcards
What are some topical antibiotics used for acne?
clindamycin, erythromycin, metronidazole, sodium sulfacetamide, dapsone
What type of drug is Bacitracin and Gramcidin?
antibacterials/peptide antibiotics
What type of bacteria is bacitracin and Gramcidin useful against?
Gram - bacteria
What are the indications for Bacitracin and Gramcidin?
Eradicate pathogenic Staph from anterior nares
Complications Bacitracin and Gramcidin?
Contact dermatitis
Bacitracin and Gramcidin can be used as a triple antibiotic with which drug?
Neomycin and Polymyxin B
What type of drug is Polymyxin B?
Anti-bacterial/peptide antibiotic
What types of bacteria is Polymyxin B useful against?
Gram -
Complications Poly B?
neurotoxicity/nephrotoxicity
Neomycin and Gentamicin are effective against what type of bacteria?
Gram -ve
Mupirocin indications??
impetigo by Staph aureus or Group A beta -hemolytic Strep
What type of bacteria is Mupirocin (pseudominic acid A) useful against?
gram positive aerobic, including MRSA
MOA sodium sulfacetamide in treatment of acne?
inhibition of p.acnes by competitive inhibition of PABA.
What are contraindications of Dapsone use?
Contraindicated in G6PD deficiency, methemoglobinemia
What are the indications for topical azoles?
Dermatophytic fungal infections of the skin and Candidal infections
Indications for ciclopirox Lamine?
Active against dermatophytes and candida species
MOA of Allylamines?
Inhibit squalene epoxidase - first step in synthesis of ergosterol
Name the Allymines?
Terbinafine
Naftifine
What is MOA of Butenafine?
Inhibit squalene epoxidase - first step in synthesis of ergosterol
Nystatin and Amphotericin B MOA?
Binds to fungal ergosterol and creates pores in fungal cell membrane
Indications for Nystatin and Amphotericin B?
Mouth washes for oral candidiasis
Also useful for vaginal, vulvar, perianal candidiasis and diaper rash.
Uses of Itraconazole and fluconazole?
treatment of dermatophytes and yeast infection
onychomycosis
A/E of Itraconazole?
ventricular dysfunction
Drug-Drug interaction of Itraconazole, fluconazole?
co-admin with statins result in higher risk of rhabdomyolysis
Griseofulvin indications?
Active against dermatophyte infection of scalp and nails
S/E of griseofulvin?
Nausea, vomiting, photosensitivity, peripheral neuritis and confusion
penicillin cross sensitivity
disulfiram effect
Terbinafine indications?
onychomycosis
Terbinafine indications?
onychomycosis
MOA terbineafine?
Inhbitis lanesterol synthesis
Use of the topical anti viral agents? Acyclovir (all the clovirs)
Orolabial herpes
MOA Foscarnet
Inhibits viral RNA polymerase, DNA polymerase and HIV reverse transcriptase.
Indication Imiquimod.
External genital and perianal warts
Actinic keratosis
MOA of Imiquimod?
stimulates peripheral mononuclear cells to release IFN-α and macrophages to produce IL-1, 6, 8 and TNF- α
MOA Dupilumab?
IL-4α antagonist
Indications of Dupilumab?
moderate to severe atopic dermatitis
What are the indications of Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus?
atopic dermatitis
MOA Tacrolimus?
T-lymphocyte activation and prevent release of inflammatory cytokines
ADR of Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus.
burning sensation in the applied area
Ectoparasiticides are typically indicated for what?
Treatment of scabies and pediculosis
Indications Permethrin?
Most efficacious and most convenient drug for both lice and scabies
A/E of Permetrhin
transient burning, tingling, itching
Indications for Ivermectin?
pediculosis
A/E of Lindane?
Neurotoxicity and hematotoxicity in children, new born and pregnant
MOA Crisaborole.
Non-steroidal topical anti-inflammatory PDE-4 inhibitor
Indication Crisaborole?
mild-to moderate atopic dermatitis
ADR Crisaborole?
burning or stinging at the site of application
