Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Boards Drugs > Pharm General > Flashcards

Pharm General Flashcards

1
Q

alpha 1

A

Gq

-Causes smooth muscle constriticion. (arterioles, dilator, bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

alpha 2

A

Gi

  • Autoreceptor, inhibits outflow
  • Minimizes lipolysis and insulin secretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

B1

A

Gs

-Heart, Renin release from Kidneys, Lipolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

B2

A
  • Gs
  • Smooth muscle relaxation, insulin release, lipolysis
  • Decrease uterine and bronchial smooth muscle tone
  • Increase Aqueous humor prouction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

D1

A
  • Renal blood flow

- Parkinsons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

D2

A
  • Gi

- Schizophrenics have too much

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

H1-

A

Gq

-Increases nasal and larimal secretions and pruritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

H2

A

Gs

-Gastric acid secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

V1

A

Gq

Vasculature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

V2

A

Gs

ADH receptor in kidney lead to increased water resportpition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bethanacol

A
  • Direct Ach Agonist

- Used in post operative ileus and bladder paralysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pilocarpine

A
  • AchR gonist, strong
  • Used for acute angle closure glaucoma
  • Constricts cilliary and sphinter pupillae allowing for flow of aqueous humor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Carbachol

A

-AchR agonist, weaker version of pilocapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Methacholine

A

-Asthma challenge AchR agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neostigmine

A

AchE inhibitor dose not cross BBB

-Used to treat MG, Post operative NM blockade, postoperative ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pyridostigmin

A

Same as neo. MG ans postoperative NMJ blockade are two main indication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Edrophonium

A

short acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Donepazil

A

-Increase Ach in alzheimers disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Physostigmine

A

-Crosses BBB, used to treat atropine/jimsom weed overdose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Organophaosphate

A
  • irreversible AchE inhibitor cause overactivation of AchR

- Treat with atropine and praladoxime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Atropine, tropicamaide

A
  • Block AchR
  • Used in acetylcholine toxicity
  • Also used to dilate eyes for opthalmologic exam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Benztropine

A

-Used to treat tremor in parkinsons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Scopolamine

A

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Ipra/triproum

A

-Block AchR in bronchial airway and improve asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Oxybutinin

A

Used to treat urgency, decrease bladder constriction

26
Q

glycopyrralate

A

-Used to decrease airway secretions pre procedurally

27
Q

Epinephrine

A
  • Alpha and beta agonist

- Used to treat anaphylaxis, asthma, open angle glaucoma, not closed angle

28
Q

Norepinehprine

A

Specific for alpha, 1 more than 2. Also has beta 1

  • Causes vasoconstriction with decreased renal perfusion, also causes sphincter constriction
  • Given to treat hypotension
29
Q

Isoproteranol

A
  • Beta specific

- Used to treat torsades and bradychardia

30
Q

Dopamine

A
  • Binds all, including D1, low dose is just dopamine, higher doses are beta then alpha
  • Used to treat CHF, does not cross BBB
  • Also used to treat shock
31
Q

Dobutamine

A
  • Specific for B1 increasing herat rate and contractility

- Used to treat heart failure, some weak alpha action

32
Q

Phenylephrine

A
  • Alpha specific

- Used in hypotension, rhinitis, occular dilation (alpha 1) without increasing beta 2 aqueous humor production

33
Q

Albuterol

A

Short acting beta 2 agonist

Causes bronchial dilation, used in asthma

34
Q

Salmetrol

A

Longer acting beta 2 agonist, used to treat asthma long terms
-Also used in COPD

35
Q

Terbutaline

A

-Beta 2 agonist, specific for premature uterine contractions

36
Q

ritrodine

A

-Specific for beta 2, treat premature contracions

37
Q

Amphetamine

A

Cause caetacholamine release

-Obesity, ADHD, narcolepsy

38
Q

Ephedrin

A

Caetacholamine release

-Nasal decongestion and urinary incontinece. Increases sphincter tone

39
Q

Tyramine

A
  • Consumed in cheese, causes releasae on caetacholamines
  • Normally metabolized by MAO and so has no real action. Patients on MAOI will not do this and will see increased catechaolmine release and hypertensive crissi
40
Q

Cocaine

A
  • Decrease reuptake of ceatacholamines
  • Treat with beta blocker if suspected overdose. May cause unopposed alpha mediated vasoconstricion leading to hypertensive crisis
  • Local anesthetic
41
Q

Phenylalanine Hydroxylase

A
  • Used to convert phenylalanine to tyrosin
  • Deficency leads to elevated phenylketones
  • Pale skin, retardation, siezure, eczema, odor
  • Tyrosine becomes essential
  • Can also be caused by tetrahydrobiopterin deficency
  • If mother has PKU and is not controlled during pregnancy, can cause microcephaly, retardation, heart defects
42
Q

Tyrosine Hydroxylase

A
  • Requires THB as cofactor (Atypical PKU) converts tyrosine to L-DOPA
  • Dihydrobiopeterine reductase uses NADPH for oxidation cofactor
43
Q

Dopa Decarboxylase

A
  • Generates Dopamine, requires B6

- Inhibite peripherally by carbidopa, leads to increasd DOPA in brain in parkinsons disease. Dopamine can’t cross BBB

44
Q

Dopamine B hydroxylase

A

Converts dopamine to norepinephrine

-Require vitamin C

45
Q

PNMT (Phenylethanolamine N- methyltransferase)

A
  • Converts Norepi to epi
  • Requires SAM, which requires B12
  • Action is increaed by cortisol (permissive effects)
46
Q

TCA toxicity

A

alpha blockade and muscarininc blockade

-Most common death is from arrythmias (inreased QT inverval, like quninidine)

47
Q

Clonidine

A
  • Centrally acting alpha 2 agonist
  • Decreases NE release systemically and reduces BP
  • Used in HTN with renal disease
48
Q

Methyldopa

A
  • Main treatment of hypertension in pregnancy

- Hydralazine can also be used (Unkown cause of dilation of arteries)

49
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A
  • Irreversible alpha blocker

- Given before pheo surgery

50
Q

Phentolamine

A
  • Reversible alpha blocker

- Given for tyramine induced hypertensive crisis in patietns taking MAO

51
Q

Prazosin, Terazosin, doxazosin

A

Alpha 1 blockers, used to treat HTN and BPH

-Cause orthostatic hypotension on first dose

52
Q

Tamsulosin

A

-More specific for the BPH induced sphincter dilation

53
Q

Mirtazapine

A

CNS alpha 2 antagoinst

  • Cause increase in NE in cleft, used to treat depression
  • Causes sedation because of effects on other receptors
54
Q

Beta Blockers

A

A-M are B1 selective
P-Z are non selective
-Use in angina and MI to decrease cardiac oxygen demands
-Used in SVT to decrease AV node transmission
-HTN, decrease CO and decrease Renin (B1)
-CHF, decrease Renin B1
-Glaucoma Timolol reduces B2 mediated aqueous humor production

55
Q

Cardevilol and labetalol

A

-alpha and beta antagoinsts, can reduce HTN even more

56
Q

Pindolol, acetabulol

A

-Partial beta agonist

57
Q

Atenolol

A

Dosen’t cross BBB and so less sedation

58
Q

Propranolol

A

Used in thyrotoxicosis

59
Q

Timolol

A

-Used in glaucoma

60
Q

Toxicity

A
  • Nonspecifics exacerbate Asthma
  • Sedation
  • Decrease Insulin release (diabetics)
  • Impotence
  • Treat toxicity with glucagon.

Boards Drugs (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions