Endocrine Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Insulin
A
- Causes increase in glucose uptake and stimulation of Na/K ATPase to decrease plasma K
- Used in Diabetes and to correct life threatening hyperkalemia
- Toxicity is hypoglycemia
2
Q
Lispro
A
-IV rapid acting
3
Q
Aspart
A
-SubQ rapid acting
4
Q
Glulisine
A
-SubQ rapid acting
5
Q
Regular
A
-IV Short Acting
6
Q
NPH
A
-SubQ intermediate acting
7
Q
Glargine
A
-SubQ long acting
8
Q
Detmir
A
-SubQ long acting
9
Q
Lente
A
-SubQ Long acting
10
Q
Metformin
A
- Biguanide. unknown mechanism but decreases gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycogenolysis
- Euglycemic and can be used in pts without islet cells
- Tox: Lactic Acidosis, contraindicated in renal failure
11
Q
Sulfonylureas
A
- Close K channel and cause increased Insulin release
- Tox: May cause hypoglycemia and weight gain, also sulfa allergies.
12
Q
Tolbutamide
A
Sulfonylurea with disulfiram
13
Q
Chlorprpamide
A
Sulfonylurea with disulfiram
14
Q
Glyburide, glypizide, glimeperide
A
Sulfonylurea witout disulfiram but other tox remain
15
Q
Glitazones
A
- Work through PPAR gamma to increase sensitivity to insulin
- Rosi and Pio
- Tox: weight gain and hepatotoxicity, P450, sulfa allergy
16
Q
Acarabose, Miglitol
A
- inhibit alpha glucosidases decreasing post prandial hyperglycemia
- Tox: Flatulance and GI distress
17
Q
Pramlintidine
A
- Amylin analog, decreases glucagon secretion
- Tox: Hypoglyceima
18
Q
Exenatide, Liraglutide
A
- GLP-1 analogs that decrease glucagon and increase insulin. Also increase satiety and cause weight loss
- Tox: N/V and hepatotox
19
Q
Linagliptin, Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin
A
- Inhibit DPP-4 breakdown of GLP-1 incretin leading to increase insulin release and decrease glucagon
- Weight loss
- Minimal S/E
20
Q
PTU
A
- Inhibits thyroid peroxidase to treat hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm. Also inhibits 5’ deiodinase
- Safe to use in pregnancy, increased protein binding
- Tox: Hepatotoxic and aplastic anemia
21
Q
Methimazole
A
- Inhibits thyroid peroxidase to treat hyperthyroid and thyroid storm
- Teratogen and contraindicated in pregnancy
- No hepatptpx
22
Q
Desmopressin
A
- Central DI (mainly V2 receptors)
- Also treats vWF disease by releasing WP bodies
- Also used for enuresis
23
Q
Demeclocycline
A
-Inhibits ADH used for SIADH
