GI Pharm 2

Question 1

Gastrin and H secretion

Answer 1

G cells are stimulated by food and release gastrin which directly stimlates parietal cells and also stimulates ECL

• ECL +Ach (M1), Gastrin, (-) somatostatin. Secrete H that increases H secretion in parietal cells
• Parietal Cells, M3 receptors, PGE receptors (decrese), gastrin and H2

Question 2

H2 blockers

Answer 2

• Decrease gastric acid production
• S/E: Cyp450 inhibtiors, gynecomastia, CNS signs and sedation
• Also will increase serum creatinine levels

Question 3

PPI

Answer 3

• Bind to H/K primary active transport and inhibit releae of H
• Minimal S/E but cause fractures in long term use

Question 4

Bismuth

Answer 4

• Binds to mucosa and allows healin

- Also used to treat travelers diahrrea

Question 5

Misoprostal

Answer 5

• PGE1 analog
• Increase mucous production and decrease acid proguction, used in patients on NSAIDs
• Keeps PDA open
• ALso used as an abortifactant, contraindicated in women of childbearing age

Question 6

OCterotide

Answer 6

• Somatostatin Analog
• Varicies (Prophylax with beta blockers)
• ACromegaly
• carcinoid, VIPoma (K losing and watery diahhrea

Question 7

Antacids

Answer 7

• All cause hypokalemia
• Alter constipation or diahrea
• Can inhibit absorption of drugs (Quinolones and tetracylcines)

Question 8

Osmotic laxatives

Answer 8

• PEG
• Lactulose, hepatic encephalopathy with nystan to keep NH4 in gut (Trapped with charge)
• Treat constipation

Question 9

Infliximab

Answer 9

• Ab to TNF-alpha used in crohns, RA, etc
• BInds to a destroys TNFa screting cells
• Transfusion reactions and also reactivation of TB

Question 10

Sulfaslzine

Answer 10

• Sulfonamide antibiotic and ASA that are activated by intestional bacteria
• Used first line in Crohns and ulcerative colitis

Question 11

Metoclopromide

Answer 11

D2 antagoinst that is used in gastoparesis

• Cause increased tone and contraction of upper GI and does not effect lower
• Contraindicated in bowel obstrucion and parkinsons, can cause CNS signs

Question 12

Urosodiol

Answer 12

-BReak up gallstones

Question 13

Scopolamine

Answer 13

Musarinin antagonist used to treat motion sickness

Question 14

Antihisamines

Answer 14

Antiemetics

Question 15

Loperimide, diphenoxylate

Answer 15

antidiahhreals