PHARM exam 8--medicines

Question 1

Amphotericin B causes some degree of ____ damage in 80% of the patients who take it.

Answer 1

kidney

Question 2

what to closely monitor for in . Amphotericin B

Answer 2

F/E status

Question 3

what can Amphotericin B cause

Answer 3

ototoxicity

Question 4

don’t give ketoconazole in patients with chronic ____ because this drug can be toxic to the liver

Answer 4

alcoholism

Question 5

don’t use what type of antifungals intravaginally while PG?

Answer 5

superficial

Question 6

how can you take nystatin?

Answer 6

“swish and swallow”
or
“swish and spit”

Question 7

test for G6PD deficiency with what drug?

Answer 7

chloroquine

Question 8

chloroquine can precipitate what?

Answer 8

anemia and

bone marrow depression

Question 9

obtain baseline ___ with chloroquine.

Answer 9

ECG

Question 10

these drugs are contraindicated in alcoholics

Answer 10

non-malarial antiprotozoal drugs

Question 11

mechanism of action for amphotericin B

Answer 11

bind to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes, causing them to become permeable or leaky.

Question 12

adverse effects of amphotericin B

Answer 12

fever and chills
vomiting
headache

Question 13

what is common in IV therapy of amphotericin B?

Answer 13

phlebitis

Question 14

weird problems that are possible with amphotericin B?

Answer 14

cardiac arrest
hypotension
dysrhythmias

Question 15

what is the mechanism of action for fluconazole?

Answer 15

interfere with the synthesis of ergosterol

Question 16

the primary use for fluconazole is to penetrate most body membranes to reach fungal infections in the?

Answer 16

CNS
bone
eyes
urinary tract
respiratory tract

Question 17

whats possible with high doses of fluconazole?

Answer 17

NVD

Question 18

what has been reported in pts who are immunosuppressed and are taking fluconazole?

Answer 18

stevens-johnson syndrome

Question 19

nystatin mechanism of action

Answer 19

bind to sterols in the fungal cell membrane, allowing leakage of intracellular contents

Question 20

primary use for nystatin

Answer 20

topically for candida infections of the skin, mouth, and vagina

Question 21

ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS:

3

Answer 21

amphotericin B
fluconazole
nystatin

Question 22

adverse effects of nystatin?

Answer 22

skin irritation

Question 23

adverse effects of nystatin taken orally?

Answer 23

NVD

Question 24

antiprotozoa antimalarial drug

Answer 24

chloroquine

Question 25

mechanisms of action for chloroquine

Answer 25

concentrate in the food vacuoles of plasmodium residing in RBCs

Question 26

Adverse effects of chloroquine

Answer 26

N/D

Question 27

at higher doses of chloroquine what adverse effects may occur?

Answer 27

CNS, cardiovascular, and retinal toxicity

Question 28

antiprotozoal nonmalarial drug

Answer 28

metronidazole

Question 29

metrondiazole tx's most form of ______.

Answer 29

amebiasis

Question 30

metrondiazole treats a number of ? infections.

Answer 30

respiratory bone skin CNS

Question 31

adverse effects of metrondiazole?

Answer 31

``` anorexia nausea diarrhea dizziness headache ```

Question 32

what may be experienced when taking metrondiazole?

Answer 32

dry mouth and | unpleasant metallic taste

Question 33

when taking metrondiazole you may have a _____ effect.

Answer 33

disulfiram

Question 34

antihelminthic drug

Answer 34

mebendazole

Question 35

mebendazole retains high concentrations in the ____, where it kills both the adult and larval parasites

Answer 35

intestine

Question 36

what kind of tests do you want to obtain for amphotericin B? | labs

Answer 36

renal fxn including: CBC chemistry panel BUN creatinine

Question 37

the primary use is in combination with other antiretrovirals for both symptomatic and asymptomatic HIV-infected patients

Answer 37

zidovudine

Question 38

to reduce the transmission rate of HIV from an HIV positive mother to her fetus

Answer 38

zidovudine

Question 39

nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors:

Answer 39

zidovudine

Question 40

efavirenz can cause ____ effects in at least 50% of patients when first initiating therapy

Answer 40

CNS

Question 41

what other s/sx of efavirenz?

Answer 41

``` sleep disorders nightmares dizziness reduced ability to concentrate delusions ```

Question 42

nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Answer 42

efavirenz

Question 43

when do symptoms diminish for efavirenz?

Answer 43

after 3-4 weeks of therapy

Question 44

inhibit the viral enzyme protease

Answer 44

lopinavir with ritonavir

Question 45

it is the preferred drug for the initial therapy of HIV infection

Answer 45

lopinavir with ritonavir

Question 46

prevent viral DNA synthesis

Answer 46

acyclovir

Question 47

acyclovir is most effective against

Answer 47

HSV-1 and HSV-2

Question 48

alkylating agents may be withheld if what fall below a predetermined limit during therapy

Answer 48

RBC WBC platelet counts