Pharm exam 5--cardiac pt. 2

Question 1

lidocaine treats:

Answer 1

unstable ventricular rhythms, such as v. fib and v. tach

Question 2

what is the heart like in V. fib?

Answer 2

quivering heart & no cardiac output. the heart with go into asystole

Question 3

check therapeutic effect of adenosine (adenocard)

Answer 3

BP, pulse, & EKG

Question 4

given for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PVST).

Answer 4

adenosine (adenocard)

Question 5

it terminates serious tachycardia by slowing conduction through the AV node and decreasing automaticity of the SA node.

Answer 5

adenosine (adrenocard)

Question 6

adenosine is given how ?

Answer 6

IV push over 1-2 seconds.

Question 7

what do you flush with after adenosine?

Answer 7

20ml normal saline

Question 8

what size repeat dose could you give of adenosine if it isn’t working or the HR goes back up?

Answer 8

12 ml

Question 9

are used to prevent the formation of clots.

often referred to as blood thinners but in fact it does not change the thickness of the blood

Answer 9

anticoagulants

Question 10

it actually inhibits certain clotting factors that in turn lengthens clotting time and prevents thrombi from forming or growing larger

Answer 10

anticoagulants

Question 11

anticoagulants are for

Answer 11

a. fib patients

Question 12

given IV or subQ.

do NOT aspirate or massage the site when given SQ.

Answer 12

heparin

Question 13

If a patient being treated with heparin has serious hemorrhage, ___ ___ may be administer to neutralize the heparin.

Answer 13

protamine sulfate

Question 14

protamine sulfate works in

Answer 14

5 min

Question 15

protamine sulfate is an antagonist of

Answer 15

heparin & lovenox

Question 16

low molecular weight heparin

Answer 16

lovenox

Question 17

given sub Q in the abd. do not aspirate or massage the site

Answer 17

lovenox

Question 18

used in some rat poisons. is an oral medication.

Answer 18

warfarin (Coumadin)

Question 19

if pt. overdoses of Coumadin give them ?

Answer 19

vit. K IV or PO to reverse the effects

Question 20

Normal PT–

Answer 20

10-13 seconds

Question 21

INR level is?

Answer 21

2-3.5 or 4

Question 22

what is INR in patients not taking anticoagulants

Answer 22

2

Question 23

if the values are lower, what is wrong?

Answer 23

they may not be getting enough of the medication.

Question 24

if the levels are high, what’s wrong?

Answer 24

the patient is receiving too much of the medication

Question 25

if the levels are high the patient is at risk for ?

Answer 25

bleeding

Question 26

antiplatelets are used to tx

Answer 26

heart attack

Question 27

examples of antiplatelets?

Answer 27

aspirin, ADP receptor blockers (Plavix)

Question 28

are used to dissolve clots.

Answer 28

thrombolytics

Question 29

digest and remove pre-existing clots

Answer 29

thrombolytics

Question 30

Alteplase (Activase, TPA) must be given….

Answer 30

within 3 hrs of onset of thrombotic CVA or stroke

Question 31

monitor patient on alteplase for?

Answer 31

bleeding from needle stick sites & intracranial bleeding.