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pharmacology > pharm exam 4 medication > Flashcards

pharm exam 4 medication Flashcards

1
Q

Glucagon injectable

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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2
Q

Types of insulin (Insulin name/class, onset/peak/duration, administration
considerations, adverse effects)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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3
Q

Glipizide oral (Class: Sulfonylurea)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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4
Q

Metformin oral (Class: Biguanide)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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5
Q

Sitagliptin (Januvia) oral (Class: DPP4 inhibitor)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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6
Q

Empagliflozin (Jardiance) oral (Class: SGLT2 inhibitor)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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7
Q

Semaglutide (Wygovy) injectable (Class: GLP-1 agonists)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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8
Q

Prednisone

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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9
Q

Methylprednisolone (IV)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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10
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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11
Q

Levothyroxine

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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12
Q

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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13
Q

Calcitonin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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14
Q

Alendronate

end of endo

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

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15
Q

Antacids - calcium carbonate (Tums)

A

MOA: Neutralize stomach acid and elevate pH
indication: Symptomatic relief of heartburn, acid indigestion and upset stomach
SE: Constipation, Hypercalcemia, Rebound acidity when stopped
NI/CE: come in tables, chewable, capsules and liquid, It can be taken three to four times a day, Do not administer within 1-2 hours or other medications, Drink a full glass of water after administration
CI: Kidney disease, GI obstruction

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16
Q

Histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist - Famotidine

A

MOA: Block histamine-2 receptor sites of parietal cell which reduces hydrochloric acid
indication: Heartburn, GERD, Peptic ulcer disease, erosive esophagitis, Adjunct treatment for upper GI bleeding
SE: Constipation or diarrhea, CNS effects (headaches or dizziness)
NI/CE: Available over the counter, but given IV in the hospital setting, Take 15-60 minutes before eating or
drinking
CI:

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17
Q

PPI – pantoprazole

A

MOA: Blocks the secretion of hydrochloric
acid at the proton pump
indication: GERD, erosive esophagitis, Prophylactic with surgery, In combination with antibiotics for H.Pylori infection, Short-term treatment of active
duodenal ulcers
SE: Headache, Abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, Acute renal dysfunction, Long-term: Osteoporosis & bone fracture, Potential zinc, magnesium, or B12 deficiency, Immediately report signs of bleeding ulcers such as coughing/vomiting of blood
NI/CE: Available orally, with an NG tube, or as IV injection in the hospital setting, Can be taken with or without food
CI:

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18
Q

Mucosal protectants - Sucralfate

A

MOA: Locally covers the ulcer site and protects the sites against acid, pepsin, and bile salts
indication: Promote ulcer healing
SE: constipation
NI/CE: Administer on an empty stomach, 2 hours after or 1 hour before meal
CI: Renal failure or dialysis

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19
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

A

MOA: Coats the lining of the GI tract and decreases the flow of fluids and electrolytes into the bowel, reducing
inflammation
indication: diarrhea and heartburn
SE: Black or darkened tongue, Black stool
NI/CE: Avoid taking other salicylates (aspirin), Avoid taking simultaneously with antibiotics (they will not work)
CI:

20
Q

Loperamide (Imodium) Opioid agonist

A

MOA: inhibits intestinal perstailis through direct effects on the longitudinal and circular muscles of the intestinal wall, slowing motility and movement of water and electroltyes
indication: acute diarhea, and chronic dairhea, most effective
SE: abdominal pain, distention, discomfort, dry mouth, nausea, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, tired
NI/CE:
CI:

21
Q

Fiber supplements- psyllium (Metamucil)

A

MOA: absorbs water
indication: constipation, chronic, safest laxative
SE:
NI/CE:
CI: may decreased effect of other medications

22
Q

Stool softener- Docusate (Colace)

A

MOA: Absorb water and fats into stool
to make it soft
indication: constipation
SE: Abdominal cramping
NI/CE:
CI:

23
Q

Osmotic laxative- Milk of Magnesia

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

24
Q

polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX)

A

MOA: Increases bowel movement by causing water to be retained with stool, purging of toxins, for fecal impaction
indication: constipation
NI/CE:
CI:

25
Q

Stimulant laxative- Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

A

MOA:
indication: Often used as bowel prep, BM within 1 hour, constipation, orally or suppository
SE:
NI/CE:
CI: Do not take bisacodyl with milk
or antacids
safest and strongest

26
Q

Anticholinergic - Scopolamine

A

MOA: patch
indication: Used in combination to treat
emesis induced by chemotherapy
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

27
Q

Dopamine antagonist – Metoclopramide (Reglan)

A

MOA: Blocks dopamine receptor
to improve nausea, PO, IM or IV
indication: nausea and vomiting
SE: CNS depression (drowsiness,
fatigue), Tardive dyskinesia or
neuro-malignant syndrome
NI/CE:
CI: Interacts: Alcohol, narcotics,
tranquilizers

28
Q

Serotonin antagonist- Ondansetron (Zofran)

A

MOA: blocks specific receptor sites associated with nausea and vomiting, peripherally and in the CTZ, oral disintegrating, PO or IV
indication: nausea and vomiting, prevention of surgery and chemo
hyperemesis
SE: headache, dizziness, drowsy, myalgia, urinary retention, constipation, pain in injection site
NI/CE:
CI:

29
Q

Anticholinergic – dicyclomine

end of GI

A

MOA: oral
indication: Irritable bowel syndrome
SE: Drowsiness, constipation, dry month
NI/CE:
CI:

30
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

A

MOA: Inhibit bacterial synthesis
indication: Uncomplicated UTI, Standard therapy in women
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

31
Q

Nitrofurantoin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

32
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

33
Q

Levofloxacin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

34
Q

Vaginal yeast – Fluconazole

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

35
Q

Bacterial vaginosis - Metronidazole

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

36
Q

Chlamydia - Doxycycline

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

37
Q

Gonorrhea - Ceftriaxone

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

38
Q

Trichomonas - Metronidazole

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
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39
Q

Estradiol

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

40
Q

Magnesium sulfate

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

41
Q

Indomethacin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

42
Q

Misoprostol

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
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43
Q

Oxytocin

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
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44
Q

Butorphanol tartrate

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
CI:

45
Q

Nalbuphine-hydrochloride

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
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46
Q

Epidural anesthesia (fentanyl)

A

MOA:
indication:
SE:
NI/CE:
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pharmacology (9 decks)

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