Pharm Drug Suffixes (from DIT) Flashcards
-afil
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
sildenafil, tadafil
-azepam
benzodiazepine
lorazepam, diazepam
-azine
phenothiazine
chlorpromazine, thioridazine (neuroleptic), promethazine (anti-emetic)
-azolam
benzodiazepine
alprazolam, midazolam, triazolam
-barbital
barbiturate
phenobarbital, secobarbital
-bendazole
benzimidazole (worm, parasite)
mebendazole, albendazole
-caine
local anesthetics
lidocaine, tetracaine
-chol
muscarinic agonist
bethanechol, carbachol
-cillin
penicillin
amoxicillin, methicillin
-conazole
imidazole (antifungal)
fluconazole, ketoconazole
-curium
non-depolarizing neuromuscular block
atracurium, mivacurium
-curonium
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
vecuronium, rocuronium*
-cycline
protein synthesis inhibitor
tetracycline, doxycycline
-dipine
dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
nifedipine, amlodipine
-dronate
bisphosphonate (tx osteoporosis)
alendronate, risedronate
-etine
SSRI
fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline
-flurane
Inhaled anesthetics
isoflurane, sevoflurane
-gliptin
DPP-IV inhibitor (tx DM)
sitagliptin, saxagliptin
-glitazone
thiazolidinedione (tx DM) (increase insulin sensitivity)
pioglitazone, rosiglitazone
-ipramine
TCA
clomipramine, imipramine
-mab
monoclonal antibody
infliximab, rituximab
-mustine
nitrosourea (nitrogen mustard) - CA drugs, cross BBB and tx BBB (therefore, SFx = CNS)
lomustine
-navir
protease inhibitor (HIV tx) ritonavir (p450 inhibitor), saquinavir
-olol
B-blocker
atenolol, metoprolol
(labetalol, carvediolol (also block A R’s))
-operidol
neuroleptic
haloperidol, droperidol
-phylline
methylxanthine
theophylline, aminophylline
-pril
ACE inhibitor
enalapril, lisinopril
-prost
prostaglandin analog
latanoprost, travoprost (tx glaucoma)
-sartan
Angiotensin receptor blocker
losartan, valsartan
-stigmine
anticholinesterase (indirect cholinergic agonist)
neostigmine, physostigmine, rivastigmine (tx AD)
-terol
B2-agonist
albuterol, salmeterol
-tidine
H2 histamine antagonist
cimetidine, ranitidine
-triptan
5-HT(1B/1D) agonist -SER agonist, tx migraines
sumatriptan, rizatriptan
-triptyline
TCA
amitriptyline, nortriptyline
(other TCA -ipramine)
-tropin
Pituitary hormone
somatotropin, thyrotropin (TSH)
-zosin
A1-antagonist
prazosin, doxazosin
-statin
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
atorvastatin, simvastatin
-asteride
5 alpha reductase inhibitors
-finasteride
(tx BPH, alopecia)
-“ine” ex: bromocriptine
DA agonist drug - inhibits prolactin secretion
“curarine”
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Inhaled anesthetics:
blood vs lipid solubility
min alveolar concentration
drugs
blood solubility - less soluble = inc potency
lipid solubility - more soluble = cross BBB inc potency
MAC - amt needed for 50% people feel pain
NO - low blood / low lipid solubility
halothane - don’t use, hepatotoxicity
sevoflurane, desflurane - low blood, low lipid #1 used
isoflurane - moderate blood and lipid solubilty
IV anesthetics: GABA and opioid R propofol ketamine barbiturates benzodiazepines opioids
no analgesia
sedative hypnotic
propofol - rapid, high triglycerides
ketamine - dissociative anesthetic, *inc cerebral BF
barbiturates
“want bars to stay open longer with less lines (CSF)”
“itol” “lol” (above = thiopental)
work on GABA, inc duration Cl- channel open
decrease cerebral BF
phenobarbital - inc liver enzymes, tx crigler-najjar
benzodiazepines
"azolam" "azapram"
GABA, inc frz Cl- channels open
-midazolam = short procedure, conscious sedation
-chlordiazepoxide = tx alcohol
Tx OD with Flumazenil
opioids - analgesia mu - beta-endorphin delta - encephalin kappa - dynorphin Butorphanol - less resp depression Dextromethorphan - cough suppression (OTC) Tramadol - analgesia Loperamide/Diphenoxylate - tx diarrhea Fentenyl - no histamine release (vs morphine) Tx OD - naloxone, naltrexone
NMJ blocking agents - immobility:
non-depolarizing
depolarizing
non-depolarizing:
competitive inhibitors nicotinic Ach R, can reverse with ChE inhibitor
“curium” “curonium” “curarine”
depolarizing: –succinylcholine
binds nicotinic R with initial muscle contraction then stops
phase 1 - low does, no reverse
phase 2 - high does, can rev with AchE inhibitor
**succinylcholine + inhaled anesthetic in pt with RYR 1 MT -> malignant hyperthermia, tx with Dantrolene
Local anesthetic
blocks Na+ channel
lidocaine
1 - worse with acid/inf, need more
2 - order of sedation:
small myelinated (sensory) > small unmyelindated (SNS)> large myelinated (motor)
*size is more important factor
3 - give with vasoconstrictor at non-block pts
(dec BF, use less and no bleed)
