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Kendigs > PFT in infants and children > Flashcards

PFT in infants and children Flashcards

1
Q

Unsedated infant should be tested on

A

NON rem sleep

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2
Q

tests for neonates and preterm

A

SOT
LFOT - Low frequency Forced Oscillometry test

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3
Q

more than 2 yo should not be sedated
test favorable is

A

tidal breathing (pre school)

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4
Q

estimates ALL gas compartments (including nonnventilating)

but UNRELIABLE in severe obstruction (frc overestimated)

A

Pletysmograph

*children above 6 yo

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5
Q

does not require sedation

but measures ONLY the communicating compartments

feasible for young children

A

Gas dilution

underestimated if with air trapping

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6
Q

in FRCp, it is best to occlude the airways of infants at the

A

end of inspiration

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7
Q

volume of lungs at maximum inspiraton

A

TLC

VC plus RV

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8
Q

most frequently reported lung function in older children

A

FRC, RV, TLC

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9
Q

Most common MBW in preschool

A

Nitrogen washout
pure oxygen

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10
Q

FRCg acceptability

A

3 recordings within 15% from each other

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11
Q

autoimmune pft

A

restrictive

dlco decreased
decreased RV, TLV, FRC

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12
Q

bronchiectasis pft
(hyperinflation)

A

increased frc, rv, and tlc

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13
Q

CO measurement

A

pressure difference bet PAco and PaCO (artery)

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14
Q

increased dlco

A

exercise

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15
Q

other causes of INCREASED dlco

A

inc intrathoracic pressure (mueller) - inc alveolar surface

just before menses (lowest value on 3rd day)

polycythemia

left to right cardiac shunts

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16
Q

DLCO dec

A

cigarette smoke
pulmo emboli

uneven vq
(underestimated in severe airway obstruction)

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17
Q

measure forced expiration in infants is not possible hence flow vol curve can be obtained by

A

RTC during tidal breating
RV RTC inflation of lungs to TLC

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18
Q

difference between pleural and mouth pressure

A

TRANSpulmonary pressure

19
Q

at low lung volume, flow

A

can not increase any further

(vs high lung volume, flow increased easily with the driving pressure)

20
Q

expiratory FLOW drops

A

FASTER with expiratory vol
(diagram is concave, lung emptying is delayed)

21
Q

most commonly measured

A

fev1

22
Q

if expiration is long. enough, fev1 may be accepted while

A

FVC and MMEF and flows at fixed lung volume is not valid for pre school children

23
Q

emptying of lung is ______ in children

A

faster

24
Q

most common reason of unsuccessful test

A

premature termination

25
Q

what can be reported in RTC and RV RTC

A

maximum flow at FRC
FVC
FEV 0.4/0.5

FEav 0.5/FVC (RV RTC)

26
Q

main drawbacks in RTC

A

sedation

(minimal influence in nasal pathway)

27
Q

A partial flow volume curve can be reported

patient is sedated
breathe through pneumatochograph or ultrasonic flow attached to facemask

A

RTC

28
Q

main outcome reported in RTC

A

max flow at FRC

29
Q

advantage over RV RTC

A

lack of unpredictable and variable effects of lung inflation

30
Q

it has a valve separating in and expiration

A

rv rtc

31
Q

difference between max ex flow and tidal breathing

A

expiratory flow reserve

32
Q

sensitive MMMMarker of early disease

A

MMEF

33
Q

more Sensitive INDICATORRRRRRR of ealry disease than fev1

A

RRRRRatio fev1/fvc

34
Q

in obstructive lung disease, fvc is

A

normal or INCREASED

35
Q

CF patient to be place on lung transplant list has to reach fev1

A

less than 30%

36
Q

lower values in young wheezy and asthmatic children

A

fev 0.5 and fev 0.75

37
Q

positive bdr

A

more than 12 % or 200 ml improvement in fev1

38
Q

biggest potentionalbto detect positive BDR 3-6 yo

A

fev 0.75

39
Q

chosen alternative lung function test in pre school children unable to do spirometry

A

respiratory resistance

*relationship between pressure and flow

40
Q

relationship bet pressure and VOLUME
*ability to expand tissue

A

compliance

41
Q

most impt properties of respi system

A

compliance and resistance

42
Q

reciprocal of respiratory elastance

A

respiratory compliance

43
Q

measure of resistance and compliance

A

Kendigs (24 decks)

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