Disorders if respi tract caused by trauma Flashcards
pediatric deaths are from
hemorrhagic shock
cardiopulmonary arrest from
tension pneumothorax
or cardiac tamponade
A very common finding in pediatric trauma which can seriously affect pulmonary reserve
Massive gastric distention
may be the only compensatory mechanism in hypovolemic shock in children
tachycardia
very late sign just before cardiac arrest
hypotension
It is the most common injury in children with sternal fracture
Isolated
anterior cortical fracture
why is px with sternal fracture needs icu admission
risk of arrhythmia
Diagnostic of non accidental trauma
multiple fracture of the middle ribs
most important indication for tracheostomy
prolonged intubation
Chest tube insertion indications
tension pneumothorax
simple ptx with shock/distress
Mechanism of Open pneumothorax
during inspiration
Collapses ipsilateral lung
alveolar air to the opposite side
What completes the diagnosis of open pneumothorax
ineffective cough
diagnosis of open ptx
Inspection
peculiar sound of air rushing in and coming out of the wound
emergency management of open ptx
occlusion if chest wall defect sealed on 3 sides
ctt
most common sequel of thoracic trauma
hemothorax
how many percent of blood volume can accumulate in the chest of a child
40%
diagnosis of hemothorax confirmed by
thoracentesis
indication for thoracotomy in hemothorax
if it exceeds more than 1 ml per kilo per minute
hemodynamic instability
rare indication to clam a thoracostomy tube in tracheobronchial injury
tb transection with massive air leak
this chest wall injury presents with incessant non productive cough, wheezing, audible rattling, rales
wet lung syndrome or post traumatic atelectasis
complication if wet syndrome
ards
mort rate 22-35%
why is left diaphragm more prone to rupture
liver
inreased stregth
weakness of points of embryonic fusion
Diagnostics
Chest xray abnormal diaphragmatic contour, ngt into the chest
Contrast swallow if Gastrografin or thin barrium
