Personality Disorders

Question 1

What is Personality

Answer 1

A person’s characteristic style of behaving, thinking, and feeling.

Question 2

Personality Disorder (DSM definition):

Answer 2

Enduring pattern of inner experience & behavior that:
• deviates from the person’s culture
• is inflexible and pervasive across situations
• is stableand of long duration
• causes significant distress/impairment in functioning.

Question 3

Personality Disorder & DSM-5

Cluster A:

Answer 3

Odd/Eccentric
•Paranoid Personality Disorder
•Schizoid Personality Disorder
•Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Question 4

Personality Disorder & DSM-5

Cluster B:

Answer 4

Dramatic/Erratic/Emotional
•Antisocial Personality Disorder
•Borderline Personality Disorder
•Histrionic Personality Disorder
•Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Question 5

Personality Disorder & DSM-5

Cluster C:

Answer 5

Anxious/Fearful
•Avoidant Personality Disorder
•Dependent Personality Disorder
•Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Question 6

Cluster A: Odd/Eccentric

Paranoid PD-Criteria

Answer 6

Criterion A: Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others (≥4)
Criterion B: Does not occur exclusively during the course of a psychotic disorder, mood disorder w/ psychotic features, not attributed to medical condition

Question 7

Cluster A: Odd/Eccentric

Schizoid PD-Criteria

Answer 7

Criterion A: Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings (≥4)
Criterion B: Does not occur exclusively during the course of a psychotic disorder, mood disorder w/ psychotic features, autism spectrum, not attributed to medical condition

Question 8

Cluster A: Odd/Eccentric

Schizotypal PD-Criteria

Answer 8

Criterion A: Social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with & reduced capacity for close relationships & cognitive or perceptual distortions/eccentricities (≥5)
Criterion B: Does not occur exclusively during the course of a psychotic disorder, mood disorder w/ psychotic features, autism spectrum.

Question 9

Cluster B: Dramatic/Erratic/Emotional

Antisocial PD-Criteria

Answer 9

Criterion A: Disregard for and violation of rights of others since 15yrs old (≥3)
Criterion B: Person is ≥ 18 years old

Question 10

Cluster B: Dramatic/Erratic/Emotional

Borderline PD-Criteria

Answer 10

Criterion A: Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect, and marked impulsivity (≥5)

Question 11

Cluster B: Dramatic/Erratic/Emotional

Histrionic PD-Criteria

Answer 11

Criterion A: Excessive emotionality and attention seeking (≥5)

Question 12

Cluster B: Dramatic/Erratic/Emotional

Narcissistic PD-Criteria

Answer 12

Criterion A: Grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy (≥5)

Question 13

Cluster C: Anxious/Fearful

Avoidant PD-Criteria

Answer 13

Criterion A: Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Question 14

Cluster C: Anxious/Fearful

Dependent PD-Criteria

Answer 14

Criterion A: Excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive, clingy behavior and separation fears (≥5)

Question 15

Cluster C: Anxious/Fearful

Obsessive-Compulsive PD-Criteria

Answer 15

Criterion A: Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, mental and interpersonal control at expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency (≥4)

Question 16

Treatment of Personality Disorders

Biological

Answer 16

Meds target group of symptoms

• Cognitive-perceptual; antipsychotics
• Affect; SSRI’s
• Impulsive aggression; SSRI’s, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers

Question 17

Treatment of Personality Disorders

Psychological

Answer 17

• Psychodynamic Therapy

• Focus on conflicts/themes
• Explore & increase insight

• Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

• Reduce symptoms
• Address problematic cognitions
• Social skills training
• Relaxation

• Dialectical behavior Therapy (from of CBT)

• Geared toward BPD
• Acceptance & change
• Individual therapy
• Group skills training

Question 18

Defining Characteristics

Paranoid PD

Answer 18

Distrust and suspicion of others (even fam/friends), often misinterprets neutral/positive statements as having hidden motives

Question 19

Defining Characteristics

Schizoid PD

Answer 19

Detachment from social relationships, does not want social interaction, low empathy and restricted emotionalexpression, typically a loner

Question 20

Defining Characteristics

Schizotypal PD

Answer 20

Most closely related to schizophrenia,odd or magical thinking, behaviors/mannerism do not follow social conventions

Question 21

Defining Characteristics

Antisocial PD

Answer 21

Moral disregard, lack of remorse for harming others, reckless endangerment of others, conduct disorder before age of 15

Question 22

Defining Characteristics

Borderline PD

Answer 22

Emotional instability, most characterized by impulsive behaviors, frequent self-destructive behaviors, strong fears of abandonment

Question 23

Defining Characteristics

Histrionic PD

Answer 23

Exaggerated emotional expression that often appears fake, frequent attention-seeking behaviors, over concern with attractiveness

Question 24

Defining Characteristics

Narcissistic PD

Answer 24

Great sense of self-importance, superficially charming, excessive need for admiration, feels as if better than everyone else

Question 25

Defining Characteristics | Avoidant PD

Answer 25

Considered a more severe version of social phobia, do not enjoy social isolation but too fearful of interactions, extreme fear of embarrassment

Question 26

Defining Characteristics | Dependent PD

Answer 26

Excessive need to be taken care of, clingy, very passive or submissive,often neglects own needs to appease others, fears being unable to take care of self

Question 27

Defining Characteristics | Obsessive-Compulsive PD

Answer 27

Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, a need to control others and self, overly rigid thoughts, significant impairment due to these concerns