Personality and Wellbeing Flashcards
what is personality?
consists of distinctive dynamic patterns of behaviour, thoughts, and emotions that are relatively stable to situations
what do ideas about personality often have?
western bias
cultural-comparative approach
etic approach
tests western ideas about personality in other cultures to generalise concepts
indigenous approach
emic approach
develops new personality assessments that focus on constructs relevant to the culture being studied
myers-briggs personality inventory
consists of 16 personality types with 4 different characteristics
- extraversion-introversion
- sensing-intuition
- thinking-feeling
- judging-perceiving
what did friedman and rosenman observe?
differences in response to stress and found a continuum of three personalities
type A
competitive, self-critical, and prone to stress related illnesses
type B
relaxed, easy-going, and imaginative
type C
sensitive to emotions and needs, and struggles to manage pressure on time
eysenck three factor model
believes temperament is genetic and factor analysis measures three underlying traits
- extraversion-introversion
- stability-neuroticism
- self-control-psychoticism
what does the big five model believe?
there are five personality traits on a continuum
- openness
- conscientiousness
- extraversion
- agreeableness
- neuroticism
projective measures
- rorschach test
- thematic apperception test
what does the rorschach test use?
ten inkblot designs and prompts patients to interpret the images, to delve into their perceptions
what does the thematic apperception test use?
ambiguous drawings and asks patients to tell a story to reveal unconscious traits and attitudes
how does the thematic apperception test measure patients?
SCORS test on eight likert scales
- complexity of representations
- affective quality of representations
- emotional investment in relationships
- emotional investment in values and moral standards
- understanding of social causality
- experience and management of aggressive impulses
- self-esteem
- identity and coherence of self
objective measures
- EPQ-R
- Neo Pi-R
what is EPQ-R based on?
eysneck three factor model, and uses 100 yes-no questions to measure the three underlying traits
what is Neo Pi-R based on?
big five model, and is suitable for clinical and non-clinical samples
what did myers-briggs find about predictions of wellbeing?
ENFPs and extroverts reported higher levels of workplace wellbeing
what did the eysenck three factor model find significant relationships between?
positive- psychological distress and neuroticism
negative- psychological distress and extraversion
no significant relationship between psychoticism and psychological distress
what did the five factor model find affected job satisfaction?
extraversion
what did the five factor model find affected subjective wellbeing?
extraversion, conscientiousness, and neuroticism
