Personality

Question 1

Anal stage

Answer 1

psychosexual stage in which children experience pleasure in their bowel and bladder
movements

Question 2

Analytic psychology

Answer 2

Jung’s theory focusing on the balance of opposing forces within one’s personality
and the significance of the collective unconscious

Question 3

Archetype

Answer 3

pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

Question 4

Collective unconscious

Answer 4

common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one
generation to the next

Question 5

Congruence

Answer 5

state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar

Question 6

Conscious

Answer 6

mental activity (thoughts, feelings, and memories) that we can access at any time

Question 7

Contemporized-Themes concerning blacks test (C-TCB)

Answer 7

projective test designed to be culturally
relevant to African Americans, using images that relate to African-American culture

Question 8

Culture

Answer 8

all of the beliefs, customs, art, and traditions of a particular society

Question 9

Defense mechanism

Answer 9

unconscious protective behaviors designed to reduce ego anxiety

Question 10

Displacement

Answer 10

ego defense mechanism in which a person transfers inappropriate urges or behaviors
toward a more acceptable or less threatening target

Question 11

ego

Answer 11

aspect of personality that represents the self, or the part of one’s personality that is visible to others

Question 12

Five-Factor Model

Answer 12

theory that personality is composed of five factors, including openness,
conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism

Question 13

Genital stage

Answer 13

psychosexual stage in which the focus is on mature sexual interests

Question 14

Heritability

Answer 14

proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics

Question 15

Id

Answer 15

aspect of personality that consists of our most primitive drives or urges, including impulses for
hunger, thirst, and sex

Question 16

Ideal self

Answer 16

person we would like to be

Question 17

Incongruence

Answer 17

state of being in which there is a great discrepancy between our real and ideal selves

Question 18

Individual psychology

Answer 18

school of psychology proposed by Adler that focuses on our drive to
compensate for feelings of inferiority

Question 19

Inferiority complex

Answer 19

refers to a person’s feelings that they lack worth and don’t measure up to others’ or
to society’s standards

Question 20

Latency period

Answer 20

psychosexual stage in which sexual feelings are dormant

Question 21

Locus of control

Answer 21

beliefs about the power we have over our lives; an external locus of control is the belief
that our outcomes are outside of our control; an internal locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcome

Question 22

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Answer 22

personality test composed of a series of true/
false questions in order to establish a clinical profile of an individual

Question 23

Neurosis

Answer 23

tendency to experience negative emotions

Question 24

Oral stage

Answer 24

psychosexual stage in which an infant’s pleasure is focused on the mouth

Question 25

Personality

Answer 25

long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways

Question 26

Phallic stage

Answer 26

psychosexual stage in which the focus is on the genitals

Question 27

Projection

Answer 27

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety disguises their unacceptable urges or behaviors by attributing them to other people

Question 28

Projective test

Answer 28

personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires

Question 29

Psychosexual stages of development

Answer 29

stages of child development in which a child’s pleasure-seeking urges are focused on specific areas of the body called erogenous zones

Question 30

Rationalization

Answer 30

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety makes excuses to justify behavior

Question 31

Reaction formation

Answer 31

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety swaps unacceptable urges or behaviors for their opposites

Question 32

Real self

Answer 32

person who we actually are

Question 33

Reciprocal determination

Answer 33

belief that one’s environment can determine behavior, but at the same time, people can influence the environment with both their thoughts and behaviors

Question 34

Regression

Answer 34

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral state

Question 35

Repression

Answer 35

ego defense mechanism in which anxiety-related thoughts and memories are kept in the unconscious

Question 36

Rorschach Inkblot test

Answer 36

projective test that employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person’s unconscious desires, fears, and struggles

Question 37

Rotter incomplete sentence blank

Answer 37

projective test that is similar to a word association test in which a person completes sentences in order to reveal their unconscious desires, fears, and struggles

Question 38

Selective migration

Answer 38

concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs

Question 39

Self-concept

Answer 39

our thoughts and feelings about ourselves

Question 40

Self-efficacy

Answer 40

someone’s level of confidence in their own abilities

Question 41

Social-cognitive theory

Answer 41

Bandura’s theory of personality that emphasizes both cognition and learning as sources of individual differences in personality

Question 42

Sublimation

Answer 42

ego defense mechanism in which unacceptable urges are channeled into more appropriate activities

Question 43

Superego

Answer 43

aspect of the personality that serves as one’s moral compass, or conscience

Question 44

TEMAS Multicultural thematic Apperception test

Answer 44

projective test designed to be culturally relevant to minority groups, especially Hispanic youths, using images and storytelling that relate to minority culture

Question 45

Temperament

Answer 45

how a person reacts to the world, including their activity level, starting when they are very young

Question 46

Thematic Apperception test

Answer 46

projective test in which people are presented with ambiguous images, and they then make up stories to go with the images in an effort to uncover their unconscious desires, fears, and struggles

Question 47

Traits

Answer 47

characteristic ways of behaving

Question 48

Unconscious

Answer 48

mental activity of which we are unaware and unable to access