Memory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

lapses in memory that are caused by breaks in attention or our focus being
somewhere else

A

Absent-mindedness

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2
Q

input of sounds, words, and music

A

Acoustic encoding

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3
Q

loss of long-term memory that occurs as the result of disease, physical trauma, or psychological
trauma

A

Amnesia

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4
Q

loss of memory for events that occur after the brain trauma

A

Anterogade amnesia

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5
Q

strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weaker emotional
experiences form weaker memories

A

Arousal theory

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6
Q

memory model that states we process information through three systems:
sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory

A

Atkinson-Shiffrin model

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7
Q

encoding of informational details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of
words

A

Automatic processing

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8
Q

how feelings and view of the world distort memory of past events

A

Bias

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9
Q

memory error in which you cannot access stored information

A

Blocking

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10
Q

organizing information into manageable bits or chunks

A

Chunking

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11
Q

formulation of new memories

A

Construction

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12
Q

type of long-term memory of facts and events we personally experience

A

Declarative memory

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13
Q

encoding of information that takes effort and attention

A

Effortful procesing

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14
Q

thinking about the meaning of new information and its relation to knowledge
already stored in your memory

A

Elaborative rehearsal

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15
Q

input of information into the memory system

A

Encoding

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16
Q

physical trace of memory

A

Engram

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17
Q

type of declarative memory that contains information about events we have personally
experienced, also known as autobiographical memory

A

Episodic memory

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18
Q

some parts of the brain can take over for damaged parts in forming and
storing memories

A

equipotentiality hypothesis

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19
Q

memories we consciously try to remember and recall

A

Explicit memory

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20
Q

recall of false autobiographical memories

A

False memory syndrome

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21
Q

exceptionally clear recollection of an important event

A

Flashbulb memory

22
Q

loss of information from long-term memory

A

Forgetting

22
Q

memories that are not part of our consciousness

A

Implicit memory

22
Q

information that is thought of more deeply becomes more meaningful and thus
better committed to memory

A

Levels of processing

23
Q

continuous storage of information

A

Long-term memory (LTM)

24
Q

set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

A

Memory

25
Q

technique to help make sure information goes from short-term memory to
long-term memory

A

Memory-enhancing strategies

26
Q

memory error in which you confuse the source of your information

A

Misattribution

27
Q

after exposure to additional and possibly inaccurate information, a
person may misremember the original event

A

Misinformation effect paradigm

28
Q

memory aids that help organize information for encoding

A

Mnemonic device

29
Q

failure of the memory system that involves the involuntary recall of unwanted memories,
particularly unpleasant ones

A

Persistence

30
Q

old information hinders the recall of newly learned information

A

Proactive interference

31
Q

type of long-term memory for making skilled actions, such as how to brush your
teeth, how to drive a car, and how to swim

A

Procedural memory

32
Q

accessing information without cues

A

Recall

33
Q

identifying previously learned information after encountering it again, usually in response
to a cue

A

Recognition

34
Q

process of bringing up old memories that might be distorted by new information

A

Reconstruction

35
Q

repetition of information to be remembered

A

Rehearsal

36
Q

learning information that was previously learned

A

Relearning

37
Q

act of getting information out of long-term memory storage and back into conscious awareness

A

Retrieval

38
Q

information learned more recently hinders the recall of older information

A

Retroactive interference

39
Q

loss of memory for events that occurred prior to brain trauma

A

Retrograde amnesia

40
Q

tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to
oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance

A

Self-reference effect

41
Q

input of words and their meaning

A

Semantic encoding

42
Q

type of declarative memory about words, concepts, and language-based knowledge
and facts

A

Semantic memory

43
Q

holds about seven bits of information before it is forgotten or stored, as well
as information that has been retrieved and is being used

A

Short trm memory (stm)e

43
Q

storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes

A

Sensory memory

43
Q

creation of a permanent record of information

A

Storage

44
Q

effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories

A

Suggestability

45
Q

memory error in which unused memories fade with the passage of time

A

Transience

46
Q

input of images

A

Visual encoding