Persian War - Alexander Test Flashcards
Puncis wars were _____ VS _______
Persia VS Athens
In the Punic wars Ionians team up w/
Athens
Greece strategically chooses where
to fight
At the battle of Marathon Athens was going to
kill themselves rather then let Persia kill them
Pheidippides must run to warn
Athens not to kill themselves
Darius dies so his son,
Xerxes avenges his goal
Xerxes takes his time to
build Persia’s infrastructure and supply army
Athens + Sparta defend Xerxes with
80,000 troops & 400 ships at Thermaplyae
Leader of Sparta
King Leonidas
King Leonidas and 300 spartans hold off Xerxes for
2 days
Xerxes is furouis that the Athenians escaped so
he burns Athens to the ground
Cyrus the Great rebuilt
Persia
Nike Means
Victory
Salamis was a navy battle where greeks destroy
much of naval Persia
Persian return after defeat and now want
to take all of greece
All of Greece forms the
Hellenic league to fight of Persia
The Delian league was named after
the Delos island
Athens+allies start new league called
Delian League to deal w/ persia when they come back
Athens calls the shots in the
Delian League
Greed eventually corupts
Athens
Delian league transforms into
a Athenian empire
Out of fear of Athens Sparta starts the
Peloponesian league
Sparta made sure to appoint themselves as the
dominant force in their own league
An acropolis is
the highest point in a city
Acropolises were a feature of
almost every greek city state
Pericles rebuilt ______ with ________
Athens with Delian league money
Acropolises are used as the main
fortress/standing point of cities
The temple Parthenon is dedicated to
Athena
Sparta’s military contains a
Army (land)
Athens military conatains a
Navy (sea)
Leading to the Peloponnedian War Athens navy was
getting very strong
Using the Delian League money Athens
constructs massive walls enclosing Athens all the way down to their ports
______ sieges Athens before they get any more powerful
Sparta
A siege is
surrounding an enemey base until their resources run out
Sparta’s seige is _____
unsucsesful
In response to Sparta Athens begins a
petty Naval blockade around the Peloponnesian peninsula
Persia’s military contains a
Navy (sea)
Sparta can fully seige Athens now with Persia’s
Navy
Plague in Athens spreads from a shipment from
Eygpt wheat
From the plague in Athens ________ of Athens dies
1/3 of Athens
In response Athenian navy attacks
Sparta
Sparta teams up with a unlikely ally
PERSIA
Athens is overwhelmed by the
2 superpowers, so they surrender
________ wins the Peloponnesian wars
Sparta
Afterwards Sparta is weak and ______ invades Sparta becoming the dominant power
Thebes
King of Macedon
Philip II
Phillip II once live in
Thebes
Phillip IIi learned Thebes advances and
brought them home to Macedon
A phalanx is a
double long Greek spear used in formations
Phillip II hated
Persia
All of lower Greece is weak so
Phillip takes over it all
Alexander III is heir
to Macedon
Alexander III is tutored
by Aristotle
Phillip II dies so
Alexander III takes over as king
Bucephalus is
a wild horse tamed by young Alexander III
Bucephalus mean
Ox head
Alexander III creatively conquers Tyre with a
Land bridge
_____ welcomes Alexander III to take over
Egypt
Alexander & men fight ______ at Porus
giant elepahnt riders
After lots of conquering Alexander III ______ at the capital Babylon
die at Babylon age 32
Overall Alexander III spread _______ & _____________
Greek culture and usher the Hellenic period