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Anatomy - Sav > Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Viscera > Flashcards

Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Associated with liver

A

Hepatic

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2
Q

Associated with gallbladder

A

Cystic

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3
Q

Associated with pancrease

A

Pancreatic

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4
Q

Associated with spleen

A

Splenic

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5
Q

Associated with stomach

A

Gastric

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6
Q

Associated with colon

A

Colic

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7
Q

Associated with rectum

A

Recto

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8
Q

Thin, translucent, serous membrane

A

Peritoneum

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9
Q

lines inner abdonimal wall

A

Parietal peritoneum

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10
Q

Covers organs

A

Visceral peritoneum

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11
Q

Organs behind the peritoneum

A

Retroperioneal

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12
Q

Where do vessels travel?

A

Between peritoneal layers

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13
Q

The peritoneum consists of two continuous layers:

A

Parietal peritoneum and visceral peritoneum.

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14
Q

Spleen and stomach : completely covered by visceral peritoneum

A

Intraperitoneal

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15
Q

organs also include portions of the duodenum and pancreas

A

Retroperitoneal

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16
Q

all visceral & parietal peritoneal membranes

A

Peritoneal sac

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17
Q
  • a potential space within sac
  • contains only a small amount of serous fluid
  • allow organs to move freely without friction
A

Peritoneal cavity

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18
Q

Within the abdominal cavity and continues into the pelvic cavity

A

Peritoneal cavity

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19
Q

Lesser sac

A

Omental bursa

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20
Q

May contain up to several liters of fluid

A

Ascites

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21
Q

Disease, injury or infection can lead to pooling of fluids (blood, bile, pus, feces)

A

Peritoneal cavity

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22
Q

Marked Ascites & umbilical herniation

A

Problems with peritoneal cavity

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23
Q

Peritoneal membranes enclose and fold around the

A

Viscera

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24
Q

How many layers in peritoneal cavity

A

Double layers

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25
Q

Double layers fold forms or ligament

A

splenalrenal lig, lesser omentum

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26
Q

Omental bursa and greater sac communicate through

A

Omental foramen

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27
Q
  • Attaches to greater curvature of stomach and transverse colon
  • Drapes over small intestines like an ‘apron
A

Greater Omentum

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28
Q

Gastrocolic ligament

A

4 layers of peritoneum

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29
Q
  • functionally it can wall off infections & inflammation sites
  • results in formation of adhesions
A

Greater Omentum

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30
Q

gastrocolic ligament (largest portion) + gastrosplenic ligament and gastrophrenic ligament (to diaphragm)

A

Greater omentum

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31
Q

Where does the greater omentum originate from?

A

Dorsal mesentery

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32
Q
  • Attaches to lesser curvature of stomach and duodenum

- 2 portions connect these structures to the liver

A

Lesser Omentum

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33
Q

Connects liver to stomach

A

Hepagastric ligament

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34
Q
  • Connects liver to duodenum

- Contains the portal triad

A

Hepatoduodenal ligament

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35
Q

What is the portal triad made up of?

A

hepatic a., portal v., & bile duct

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36
Q

What is deep to the Lesser Omentum

A

Omental bursa

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37
Q

Hepatogastric ligament (largest portion) + hepatoduodenal ligament (contains the portal triad = hepatic a., portal v., bile duct)

A

Lesser Omentum

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38
Q

Where does the lesser omentum derive from?

A

Ventral mesenteries

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39
Q
  • Anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abd. wall

- Runs diagonally from duodenojejunal jxn. to ileocecal jxn.

A

Mesentery proper

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40
Q

What is the duodenum anchored by?

A

Suspensory ligament of Treitz

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41
Q

Where is the vascular supply to the mesentery proper?

A

Mesentery root

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42
Q
  • Fibromuscular ligament descends from the R. crus of diaphragm
  • Crosses over L. crus & holds distal duodenum in place
  • Prevents duodenojejunal jxn. from sagging
A

Suspensory ligament of duodenum (of Treitz)

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43
Q

Important location for surgery

A

Suspensory ligament of duodenum (of Treitz)

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44
Q

Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

A

Mesocolon

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45
Q

What do the ascending and descending colon attach to?

A

Posterior wall (have no mesentery)

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46
Q

What anchors the transverse colon?

A

Transverse mesocolon

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47
Q

What anchors the sigmoid colon?

A

Sigmoid mesocolon

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48
Q

Is the rectum fully covered with peritoneum?

A

No it’s partially covered

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49
Q

Transvers mesocolon divides the abdominal cavity into 2 compartments:

A

Supracolic compartment & Infracolic compartment

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50
Q

Contains stomach, liver and spleen

A

Supracolic compartment

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51
Q

Contains small intestine and ascending and descending colon

A

Infracolic compartment

52
Q

Potential space of capillary thinness.

A

Peritoneal cavity

53
Q
  • Divides liver into R & L lobes

- Anchors liver to diaphragm & anterior body wall

A

Falciform ligament

54
Q

inferior border contains the obliterated umbilical vein.

A

Falciform ligament

55
Q

At the bottom of the falciform ligament

A

Round ligament of the liver

56
Q

What does the left umbilical vein become after birth?

A

Ligamentum teres hepatis

57
Q

Round ligament of the liver in embryo

A

Umbilical vein

58
Q
  • Reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver
  • Attach liver to inferior surface of diaphragm
A

Coronary Ligament

59
Q

Upper posterior liver

A

Bare area

60
Q

Where is the bare area in the cavity

A

retroperitoneal

61
Q

from urinary bladder to umbilicus

A

median umbilical fold

62
Q
  • covers median umbilical ligament

- -Fetal Urachus

A

median umbilical fold

63
Q

covers medial umbilical ligaments

A

medial umbilical folds

64
Q

occluded portions of umbilical aa

A

medial umbilical folds

65
Q

covers inferior epigastric vessels

A

Lateral umbilical folds

66
Q

The fossae between the medial and the lateral umbilical folds

A 
Medial inguinal fossae 
Inguinal triangles (hesselbach triangles
67
Q

Potential site of inguinal hernias

A

Inguinal triangles (hesselbach triangles

68
Q

Lateral to the lateral umbililcal folds, including the deep inguinal rings.

A

Lateral inguinal fossae

69
Q

Most common type of hernia

A

Indirect

70
Q

original allantoic diverticulum that persists throughout much of development as a stalk which extends from the bladder and is continuous (the allantois) to the umbilical region

A

Fetal Urachus

71
Q

As the allantois constricts and becomes the thick fibrous cord, the urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus

A

Median Umbillical ligament

72
Q

Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients

A

Peritoneal pouches

73
Q

Becomes an actual space in recumbent patients

A
  • Hepatorenal pouch

- Rectovesical or rectouterine pouch

74
Q

Pathological fluids can accumulate in these recesses

A

Peritoneal pouches

75
Q

Lowest point of the abdominal cavity

A

Hepatorenal recess

76
Q

Morrisons pouch

A

aka hepatorenal pouch

77
Q

Lowest point of pelvic cavity

A

Rectovesical pouch or rectoutero (female)

78
Q

Bounded by liver, R kidney, colon & duodenum

A

Hepatorenal Pouch

79
Q

Fluids may move down to rectovesical/rectouterine pouch from this – when in reclining position or sitting up

A

Hepatorenal Pouch

80
Q

Fluids here may move up to hepatorenal pouch – when in Trendelenburg position

A

Rectovesical & Rectouterine pouch

81
Q

detoxifies chemical products & produces bile

A

Liver

82
Q

Stores bile for emulsification of fats

A

Gallbladder

83
Q

produces enzymes for digestion

A

Pancreas

84
Q

produces lymphocytes & filters blood

A

Spleen

85
Q

stores food prior to entering duodenum

A

Stomach

86
Q

1° for chemical digestion

A

Small intestine

87
Q

2° for chemical digestion

A

Large intestine

88
Q

filter waste products out of blood

A

Kidneys

89
Q

Cortices produce steroid hormones & medullas act as sympathetic ganglia (release Epinephrine & NE)

A

Adrenal glands

90
Q

Associated with diaphragm

A

Phrenic

91
Q
  • Adjacent to diaphragm

- Smooth and dome shape

A

Diaphramatic surface

92
Q

Entrance for portal triad & is found inferiorly

A

Porta hepatis

93
Q

Attached to inferior surface of liver

–Fundus, body, & neck

A

Gallbladder

94
Q
  • Contacts duodenum, colon & anterior abdominal wall
  • Receives bile produced by liver via bile ducts
  • Bile then drains into duodenum thru these ducts
A

Gallbladder

95
Q

Receives bile from R & L lobes of liver

A

R & L hepatic ducts

96
Q

Receives R & L hepatic ducts

A

Common hepatic duct

97
Q

Connected to gall bladder

A

Cystic duct

98
Q

Receives cystic & common hepatic ducts

A

Common bile duct

99
Q

Joins with the pancreatic duct & drains into the descending part of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla

A

Common bile duct

100
Q

What does the common bile duct join to

A

Main pancreatic duct

101
Q

Bile duct and main pancreatic duct empty to

A

Major duodenal papilla

102
Q

Collect enzymes and joins inferiorly at bile duct at major duodenal papillae

A

Main pancreatic duct

103
Q

Indicates junction between foregut and midgut

A

Major duodental papillae

104
Q

Consists of a head, neck, body, tail and uncinate process

A

Pancreas

105
Q
  • Retroperitoneal & transverse across posterior abdominal wall
  • Surrounded by C-shaped duodenum on R & spleen on L
A

Pancreas

106
Q

Enters duodenum with bile duct at major duodenal papilla

A

Main pancreatic duct

107
Q

may enter duodenum as well

~ 2 cm superior to major papilla

A

Accessory pancreatic duct

108
Q

Pancreas draining digestive enzymes

A

Exocrine function

109
Q

Contacts diaphragm along ribs 9-11

A

Diaphragmatic surface

110
Q

Connected to the greater curvature of the stomach by the gastrosplenic ligament which contains the short gastric and gastro-omental vessels and left kidney by the splenorenal igament which contains the splenic vessels.

A

Spleen

111
Q

What is the spleen surrounded by?

A

Visceral peritoneum except the area of the hilum

112
Q

Where is the arterial supply of the splenic artery from?

A

Celiac trunk

113
Q

Branches of celiac trunk

A

Common hepatic
Left gastric
Splenic artery

114
Q

Supplies liver, gb, esophagus, stomach, pancreas & spleen

A

Celiac trunks

115
Q

1st unpaired major branch of aorta

A

Ciliac trunk

116
Q
  • Right br. of celiac trunk
  • Runs toward liver & gallbladder
  • 2 terminal branches
A

Common hepatic Artery

117
Q

Terminal branches of common hepatic artery

A

Proper hepatic a

Gastroduodental a

118
Q
  • Superior br. of common hepatic a.
  • Runs toward liver & medial to bile duct
  • R Gastric a.
  • Splits into right and left hepatic aa
A

Proper heptatic artery

119
Q

What does the right gastric artery anastomoses with?

A

Left gastric artery

120
Q

Arteries are named for

A

Where they supply

121
Q
  • Inferior br. of common hepatic a.

- Runs toward junction of stomach & duodenum

A

Gastroduodenal A

122
Q
  • sends Supr. pancreaticoduodenal aa. to pancreas/duodenum

- sends R gastroepiploic a. (R gastro-omental a.) to greater curvature of stomach

A

Gastroduodenal A

123
Q
  • Superior br. of celiac trunk

- Runs L toward lesser curvature of stomach

A

Left gastric artery

124
Q

-Supplies stomach & esophagus (via esophageal brs

A

Left gastric artery

125
Q
  • Left br. of celiac trunk
  • Runs toward spleen

-supplies pancreas & spleen

A

Splenic Artery

126
Q
  • Sends short gastric aa. & L gastroepiploic a. (L gastro-omental a.)
  • -supply greater curvature of stomach
A

Splenic Artery

Anatomy - Sav (10 decks)

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