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Anatomy - Sav > Diaphragm, Kidneys & Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Diaphragm, Kidneys & Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Comes from the ventral rami of the cervical plexus of nerves

A

Phrenic nerve

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2
Q

Keep me breathing and alive

A

C3, C4, C5

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3
Q

Innervates the diaphragm, mostly motor but also sensory

A

Phrenic Nerve

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4
Q

What does the sensory fibers of the phrenic nerve anatomose with

A

Intercostal sensory fibers

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5
Q

Supplies R & L hemidiaphragms

A

Phrenic Nerve

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6
Q

Supplies lateral borders and some sensory

A

Intercostal Nerve

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7
Q

Sole motor innervation to the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

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8
Q

What percent sensory is the phrenic nerve?

A

30%

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9
Q

Irritation to both the superior and inferior surfaces of the CENTRAL part of the diaphragm is carried by

A

Sensory fibers in the phrenic nerve

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10
Q

Irritation to the superior and inferior surfaces of the PERIPHERAL portions of the is carried by the

A

Intercostal nerve

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11
Q

Originate from C3-C5 spinal segments

A

Phrenic nerve

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12
Q

What happens to a paralyzed hemidiaphragm?

A

It cannot contract
+Remains high in thorax
+recognizable on radiographic chest films

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13
Q

Why do people with cervical cord injuries become paralyzed?

A

Paralysis of diaphragmatic respiration (phrenic nerve)

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14
Q

One side of the diaphragm

A

Hemidiaphragm

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15
Q

What happens during expiration?

A

Diaphragm raises & abdominal wall contracts

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16
Q

Aortic hiatus aperature

A

T12

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17
Q

Esophageal hiatus aperature

A

T10

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18
Q

Vena cava foramen aperature

A

T8

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19
Q

Arches over aorta

A

1 Median arcuate ligament

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20
Q

Arch over psoas mm

A

2 medial arcuate ligaments

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21
Q

Arch over the quadratus lumborum mm

A

2 lateral arcuate ligaments

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22
Q
  • Supply superior surface (via int. thoracic a & thoracic aorta)
  • Superior phrenic aa branch off aorta in thoracic cavity
A

Pericardiacophrenic & superior phrenic aa

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23
Q

Supply inferior surface (via abdominal aorta

A

Inferior phrenic aa

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24
Q

Supply periphery of diaphragm (via int. thoracic aa.)

A

Musculophrenic aa

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25
Venous drainage is via accompanying
vv to IVC
26
Where is the superior pole of the left kidney?
11th rib
27
Where is the superior pole of the right kidney?
12th rib
28
Kidney locations
Lateral to vertebral column T12-L3
29
What is the located between the renal fascia and the kidney
Perirenal / perinephric fat
30
Where do kidneys ascend from during development?
Pelvis
31
Kidney remains anterior to sacrum
Ectopic pelvic
32
Kidney remains below IMA
Horseshoe
33
Placed in lower abdomen
transplanted kidneys
34
Another name for adrenal glands
Suprarenal
35
What is found between the two kidneys?
Vascular supply and drainage for the kidneys
36
Where things enter and exit through the kidney
Hilum
37
Anterior and posterior to retroperitoneal kidney
Renal fascia
38
Outside of renal fascia
Paranephric fat
39
Filters blood plasma that is excreted as urine
Kidney
40
Where tissues get exposure to blood. Capillary plexus in kidneys
Glomeruli
41
Outer 1/3 of kidney
Renal cortex
42
Inner 2/3 of kidney
Renal medulla
43
Where are the renal pyramids located
In the renal medulla
44
Receive apex of pyramids
Renal papillae
45
Order of urine
Renal papillae -- Minor calyces-- Major calyces -- Renal pelvis -- Ureter-- Urinary bladder-- Urethra
46
Collecting tip of kidney
Renal papillae
47
Which renal artery is longer?
Right
48
What passes post to IVC?
Right renal artery
49
Where do the renal veins attatch to?
IVC
50
Anterior to renal arteries
Renal veins
51
Which renal vein is longer
Left
52
Passes anterior to aorta
Left renal vein
53
Where do lymphatics drain?
Venous system
54
What happens after the GI tract absorbs?
Goes through portal system to the liver
55
Recieves (urine) at tips / apex of pyramids
Renal papillae
56
Final excretion out of the body
Urethra
57
Where do ureter arteries arise from ?
Renal Artery Testicular or Ovarian Artery Abdominal aorta or common iliac a. Internal iliac artery (pelvic cavity)
58
Where do veins of ureters drain into
Similarly named vv
59
Another name for kidney stones
Calculi
60
Ultrasonic crushing of kidney stones
Lithotripsy
61
Form in kidney and progress to renal pelvis
Kidney stones
62
Moves inferoanteriorly towards groin
Pain of kidney stones
63
Where is the referred pain of kidney stones?
From side and back between ribs to pelvis to inguinal | -Area of cutanous innervation T11-12
64
- Roughly triangular | - Lies superior to R kidney posterior to IVC
Right Adrenal Gland
65
- Semilunar | - Lies superomedial to L kidney near hilum
Left adrenal gland
66
Parts of the adrenal gland
Fibrous capsule Adrenal Cortex Adrenal medulla
67
Produces adrenal steriods
Adrenal cortex
68
Act as sympathetic ganglion
Adrenal medulla
69
Why are the adrenal glands richly vascularized?
Because of their endocrine function
70
- Transversus abdominus m. - Quadratus lumborum m. - Psoas major m - Iliacus m. - Psoas minor m. - Diaphragm
Posterior abdominal wall musculature
71
Where does the aorta bifurcate
L4
72
Level of umbilicus
L4
73
Ventral rami
T12-L4
74
Located beneath fascia of posterior abdominal muscles
Lumbar plexus of nerves
75
1 cm inferior to 12th rib
Subcostal nerve
76
- Supplies sensory to ant./lat. abd. wall | - Supplies motor to abdominal mm.: EO, IO, TA, pyramidalis, RA, QL
Subcostal nerve
77
- Can arise from common trunk | - Descend anteriorly to QL
Iliohypogastric & Ilioinguinal nerves
78
Supplies skin of suprapubic region
Iliohypogastric nerve
79
Runs through inguinal call to supply it
Ilioinguinal nerve
80
Supply abominal muscles
Iliohypogastric and Ilioinguinal nerves
81
- Pierces psoas major | - Descends along anterior surface
Genitofemoral Nerve
82
Splits to femoral branch and genital branch
Genitofemoral Nerve
83
Supplies skin inferiorly and medially to inguinal ligement
Genitofemoral Nerve
84
Supplies cremaster muscle (of spermatic cord)
Genitofemoral Nerve
85
- Descends anterior to iliacus muscle - Passes deep to inguinal ring - Inferior to ASIS
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
86
Supplie anterior and lateral skin of thigh
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
87
- Runs between Iliacus & psoas major - Passes deep to inguinal ligament - Inferior to ASIS
Femoral Nerve
88
Supplies sensory & motor to anterior thigh
Femoral Nerve
89
- Runs medial to psoas major muscle | - Passes through obturator foramen
Obturator Nerve
90
Supplies sensory & motor to medial thigh
Obturator Nerve
91
- Large nerve trunk, crosses over ala of sacrum | - Descends into pelvis to help from sacral plexus
Lumbosacral Trunk
92
Provides general contribution to both plexuses
Lumbosacral Trunk
93
What type of fat associated with the kidney extends into the hilum
perirenal / perinephric
94
what type of tissue is located outside the renal fascia
perarenal / peranephric fat

Anatomy - Sav (10 decks)

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