Peritoneum, Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries - Thomas Flashcards
Branches of the celiac trunk and the part of gut it is responsible for
Splenic artery
Left gastric
Common hepatic
Foregut
Branches of superior mesenteric and the part of gut it is responsible for
Ileocolic
Right colic
Middle colic
Midgut
Branches of inferior mesenteric and the part of gut it is responsible for
Left colic
Sigmoid branches
Superior rectal
Hindgut
Peritoneum - 2 layers and pain fibers
- Parietal - lines body wall - abundant pain fibers
2. Visceral - covers viscera - lacks pain fibers
Visceral Peritoneum
Invests viscera/organs
Sensitive to stretching and chemical irritation
Insensitive to touch, heat, cold, laceration
Is the pain from visceral peritoneum localized?
Only poorly
- unmyelinated C-fibers
- crampy, colicky pain
Intraperitoneal organs
Covered on most sides by visceral peritoneum
Suspended from mesentery from body wall
Retroperiotoneal organs
Lie deep to the parietal peritoneum
Covered only on one side by parietal peritoneum
Primarily Retroperitoneal organs
Kidneys Suprarenal glands (aka adrenals) Ureters Gonads Aorta and IVC
Secondarily Retroperitoneal organs
Became retroperitoneal during development Duodenum (desc, horiz, ascen) Pancreas Ascending and descending colon Rectum
THE mesentery
Attaches the ‘free’ small intestine to the posterior body wall
Jejunum
Ileum
Where is the ventral mesentery?
Extends from the respiratory diaphragm to the duodenum
What runs through the dorsal mesentery?
Dorsal aorta and it’s 3 branches
What mesenteries are lost during development?
Duodenum, ascending colon, descending colon and cecum
-since no longer suspended from mesentery, considered secondarily retroperitoneal
Peritoneal ligaments
- Gastrosplenic ligament
- Splenorenal ligament
- transmit nerves and vessels
- lack connective tissue
Omentum
-2 layered sheet of peritoneum that attaches stomach to other viscera Lesser - from ventral mesogastrium -hepatogastric ligament -hepatoduodenal ligament Greater - from dorsal mesogastrium
Lesser omentum is composed of what 2 ligaments?
Hepatogastric l.
Hepatoduodenal l.
3 ligaments of greater omentum
- Gastrocolic l.
- Gastrophrenic l.
- Gastrosplenic l.
What are the 3 ligaments associated with liver?
Coronar l
R and L triangular l
Falciform l
What runs in the falciform ligament?
Ligamentum teres hepatis
-obliterated umbilical vein
Folds of the abdominal walls
Median umbilical fold -urachus, midline from bladder Medial umbilical folds (2) -obliterated umbilical a. Lateral umbilical folds (2) -inferior gastic vessels, functional a and v.
Peritoneal Fossae
Supravesical fossa - supravesical hernias
Medial inguinal fossa - direct inguinal hernias
Lateral inguinal fossa - indirect inguinal hernias
Where do supravesical hernias occur?
Supravesical fossa
Where do direct inguinal hernias occur?
Medial inguinal fossa
Where do indirect inguinal hernias occur?
Lateral inguinal fossa
Greater sac
Most of the potential space in abdomen
Can be subdivided into supra colic and infra colic regions by colon and transverse mesocolon
Ascites
Excess fluid in abdomen
-abscesses may develop
Lesser sac
Posterior and inferior to the stomach
Can get fluid that leads to infection
Epiploic foramen of Winslow
Opening between greater and lesser sacs
Anterior - hepatoduodenal ligament with portal v., hepatic a. and bile duct
