Embryo of Gut (In Class)- Cole

Question 0

what are mesenteries?

Answer 0

reflections of parietal peritoneum onto gut tube

Question 1

What does the endoderm make?

Answer 1

epithelial lining

Question 2

what are secondarily reteroperitoneal?

Answer 2

things that had dorsal mesentery

Question 3

only place that there is ventral mesentery in adults?

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

3 segments of gut? what do they have?

Answer 4

foregut, midgut, hindgut; have own blood supply and innervation

Question 5

foregut includes?

Answer 5

esophagus to 1/2 duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 6

forgut gets supplied by?

Answer 6

celiac artery

Question 7

midgut is supplies by?

Answer 7

superior mesenteric artery

Question 8

hindgut is supplied by?

Answer 8

inferior mesenteric a.

Question 9

innervation of foregut? where does it synapse?

Answer 9

greater splanchnic n. (T5-9); celiac plexus

Question 10

midgut is innervated by? synapses?

Answer 10

Lesser Splanchnic (T9-T12)

Question 11

Parasympathetics to foregut and midgut? synapse where?

Answer 11

vagus n. (CN X); organ walls

Question 12

parasympathetics to hindgut?

Answer 12

S2-4 (pelvic splanchnic n.)

Question 13

what kind of defect is an esophageal atresia considered to be?

Answer 13

canalization

Question 14

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis appears when? as what?

Answer 14

2-3 weeks after birth; projectile, no bilious vomit

Question 15

where does the liver develop? what else develops there?

Answer 15

ventral mesentery; gallbladder and bile ducts

Question 16

where does the pancreas develop

Answer 16

buds in both ventral and dorsal mesentery

Question 17

ventral mesentery gets divided into what 2 parts?

Answer 17

falciform ligament and lesser omentum

Question 18

ligamentum teres hepatis is the remnant of what?

Answer 18

obliterated left umbilical v.

Question 19

some of the things that extrahapatic biliary atresia presents with?

Answer 19

jaundice, pale stool, dark urine

Question 20

treatment of extra-hepatic biliary atresia?

Answer 20

surgical correction or transplant

Question 21

pdx1 is specific for development of what organ?

Answer 21

pancreas

Question 22

pax4 regulates what?

Answer 22

cells that secrete insulin, somatostatin, & pancreatic polypeptide

Question 23

pax 6 regulates?

Answer 23

cells secreting glucagon

Question 24

how does annular pancreas present?

Answer 24

duodenal obstruction; pancreatic buds form a ring around duodenum

Question 25

where is ectopic pancreatic tissue most common?

Answer 25

stomach or ileum (ileal or Meckel’s diverticulum)

Question 26

apple peel atresias are associated with what normally?

Answer 26

vascular problems

Question 27

by what week does the intestine move back into body?

Answer 27

week 10

Question 28

what is an intussuception?

Answer 28

part of gut tube tunneled into another part

Question 29

what is an omphalocele?

Answer 29

herniation of abdominal contents thru enlarged umbilical ring (normal if temporary)

Question 30

what is gastroschisis?

Answer 30

failure of anterior abdominal wall musculature to close during folding

Question 31

Prune belly occurs in what sex more frequently?

Answer 31

males

Question 32

vitelline duct that doesn’t close makes what?

Answer 32

Meckel’s diverticulum, asymptomatic

Question 33

rule of 2s?

Answer 33

2% prevalance, location 2 feet proximal to ileocecal valve in adults, symptomatic are usually less than 2, 2:1 female predominance?

Question 34

fecal discharge thru umbilicus is a presentation of?

Answer 34

Meckel’s

Question 35

Cause of Hirschsprung’s dz?

Answer 35

failure of migration of neural crest cells that form the colonic ganglion cells

Question 36

where is HD common?

Answer 36

descending and sigmoid colon

Question 37

if something is primarily reteroperitoneal?

Answer 37

never had a mesentery

Question 38

where do “high” anal malformations occur?

Answer 38

above pelvic diaphragm

Question 39

low anorectal malformations are easier to repair why?

Answer 39

because they have some musculature