Peritoneum #3 Flashcards
Artery for the foregut
celiac trunk
Branches of Celiac trunk
Splenic, L gastric, Common hepatic
Artery for the midgut
superior mesenteric
Branches of Superior mesenteric a.
Ileocolic, R colic, Middle colic
Artery for Hindgut
inferior mesenteric
Branches of Inferior mesenteric
L colic, sigmoid branches, superior rectal
Foregut supplies……
Esophagus, stomach, live, gallbladder, pancreas, upper duodenum, spleen (?)
Midgut supplies….
lower duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
Hindgut supplies…
distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and upper anal canal
Function of parietal layer of peritoneum
has pain fibers, lines body wall
Function of visceral layer of peritoneum
lacks pain fibers, covers viscera, autonomic innervation, can be sensed as referred pain
Referred pain is in reference to what layer of the peritoneum?
visceral
Definition of a mesentary
2 layers of peritoneum
Nerve supply to peritoneum supplies…..
pain and vasomotor fibers which can cause guarding from sharp stabbing pain when touched
T/F Visceral peritoneum is sensitive to touch, heat, cold, laceration
False, it is insensitive
What is visceral peritoneum sensitive to?
stretching and chemical irritation
What is the difference between intraperitoneal organs and retroperitoneal organs?
Intraperitoneal are suspended by a mesentary from the body wall and are surrounded by visceral pericardium
Retroperitoneal are deep to parietal peritoneum and covered by parietal peritoneum on ONE side
Primarily retroperitoneal vs Secondarily retroperitoneal
primary- never had a mesentary
secondary- had a mesentary but lost it at some point
What are the primary retroperitoneal organs?
kidney, ureters, adrenals, gonads, aorta and inferior vena cava
What are the secondarily retroperitoneal organs?
Duodenum, pancreas, ascending and descending colon, rectum
What are the intraperitoneal organs?
stomach, small intestine (J and I), spleen, liver, gallbladder, cecum + veriform appendix, large intestine (transverse and sigmoid)
What is THE Mesentery?
attaches the free small intestine to the posterior body wall, jejunum and ileum
What is the only function of a ventral mesentery?
extends from respiratory diaphragm to the duodenum
What is the mesentery for the transverse colon?
transverse mesocolon
What is the mesentery for the sigmoid colon?
sigmoid mesocolon
What is the mesentery for the vermiform appendix?
mesoappendix
2 periotneal ligaments
- gastrosplenic
2. splenorenal
2 peritoneal refelections
- greater omentum
2. lesser omentum
Where does the greater omentum attach?
the stomach to other viscera
Where is the lesser omentum derived from?
ventral mesentary
2 subdivisions of the lesser omentum?
- hepatogastric (liver, stomach)
2. hepatoduodenal (liver, duodenum)
What ligament contains the portal triad?
hepatoduodenal
What are the 3 components of the portal triad?
proper hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, common bile duct
Where does the greater omentum develop from?
dorsal mesentary
What are the 3 ligaments of the greater omentum?
- gastrocolic (stomach to transverse colon)
- gastrophrenic (stomach to diaphragm)
- gastrosplenic (stomach to spleen)
What are the 3 ligaments associated with the liver?
- coronary ligament
- right and left triangular ligaments
- faciform ligament
Other name for falciform ligament..
ligamentum teres hepatis
The main fossae of the peritoneum
superior duodenal fold and fossa, paraduodenal fossa, inferior duodenal fold and fossa,
Where is the median umbilical fold derived from?
urachus
*located @ midline
Where is the medial umbilical fold derived from?
obliterated umbilical a.
What makes up the lateral umbilical folds?
inferior epigastric vessels
What is the obliterated umbilical vein called?
ligamentum teres hepatis
Where is the falciform ligament (LTH) derived from?
ventral mesentery
Where is the supravesical fossa located?
btwn median and medial umbilical folds
*site for supravesical hernias
Where is the medial inguinal fossa located?
btwn the medial and lateral umbilical fold
*site for direct hernias
What is the other name for medial inguinal fossa?
inguinal triangle
Where is the lateral inguinal fossa located?
lateral to the lateral umbilical fold
*site for indirect hernias
What are the two regions of the greater sac of the peritoneal cavity
- supracolic region
2. infracolic region
What is the epipolic foramen?
opening between the greater and lesser sacs
