Peripheral Vascular System And Lympatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Is he is

A

Deficient supply of oxygenated arterial blood to a tissue caused by o structure

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2
Q

Peripheral artery disease

A

Affects noncornonary arteries and refers to arteries supplying the limbs

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3
Q

How do veins keep blood moving

A

-contracting skeletal muscle
-pressure gradient created by breathing
-intraluminal valves

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4
Q

Capacitance vessels

A

A name given to veins because of their ability to stretch

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5
Q

Incompetent valves

A

Dilated and varicose veins that have lumens so large the valve cusps do not aproxzimate

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6
Q

How does one acquire varicose veins

A

Some people have a genetic disposition to this disease
-otherwise: obesity, multiple pregnancies

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7
Q

When do calf muscles contract/relax during walking

A

Contract - systole

Relax - diastole

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8
Q

Without lymphatic drainage, what would occur?

A

Fluid would build up in the interstitial spaces and produce edema

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9
Q

Right lymphatic duct

A

Empties into the right subclavian vein
-right side of head, neck, shoulder, arm

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10
Q

Thoracic duct

A

Empties into left subclavian vein
-rest (majority) of the body

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11
Q

Functions of lymphatic system

A

-conserve fluid and plasma proteins leaking from capillaries
-immune system
-absorb lipids from intestinal tract

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12
Q

Cervical nodes

A

Drain the head and neck

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13
Q

Axillary nodes

A

Drain breast and upper arm

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14
Q

Epitrochlear node

A

Antecubital fossa, draining the hand and lower arm
-front side of elbow

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15
Q

Inguinal nodes

A

Found in groin, drain most of lymph of lower extremity, genitalia, and anterior abdominal wall

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16
Q

Functions of the spleen

A

-destroy old RBC
-produce antibodies
-store RBC
-filter microorganisms from the blood

17
Q

Thymus gland

A

Flat, pink gray located in superior mediastinum behind sternum and in front of aorta

-producing T lymphocytes in children

18
Q

Growth pattern of the lymph system across developmental ages

A

Birth- well developed
Child- grows rapidly, reaching adult size
Adolescent- surpasses adult size
Adult- slowly atrophies

19
Q

Lymph nodes in children

A

Relatively large, and superficial are usually palpable without an infection

20
Q

Pregnant women experience vasodilation which causes

A

Drop in blood pressure in first/second trimester

21
Q

A growing uterus will obstruct which veins

A

Obstructs drainage of iliac and inferior vena cava veins

22
Q

What is caused from obstruction of certain veins needed for drainage and a drop in blood pressure?

A

-lowers blood flow
-increases venous pressure
-can cause dependent edema
-varicosities in legs and vulva
-hemorrhoids

23
Q

Peripheral blood vessels grow more rigid with age, resulting in

A

Arteriosclerosis

24
Q

Arteriosclerosis causes

A

A rise in systolic blood pressure

25
Q

What is the deposition of fatty plagues on the intima of the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

26
Q

Both arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are present in which condition?

A

PAD

27
Q

PAD

A

Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of lower extremities, and a major risk factor for lower extremity amputation

28
Q

Aging produces a progressive

A

Enlargement of intramuscular calf veins

29
Q

Prolonged bed rest, prolonged immobilization and heart failure all increase the risk of

A

Deep vein thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism

30
Q

What does clubbing insinuate

A

This occurs with congenital cyanotic heart disease and cor pulmonale (enlargement and failure of right ventricle)

31
Q

Force grade system for radial pulses

A

3- increased, full bounding
2- normal
1- weak
0- absent

32
Q

Malnutrition signs in skin

A

Thin, shiny, atrophic
-nails have thick ridges
-malnutrition, pallor and coolness

33
Q

When does brown discolouration occur

A

Chronic venous stasis as a result of hemosiderin deposits form red blood cells

34
Q

Venous ulcers occur usually at the ____ and why?

A

Medial malleolus
-due to bacterial invasion of poorly drained tissues

35
Q

Arterial deficit may cause

A

One food or leg to be more cool/temperature may drop suddenly

36
Q

When does a bruit occur

A

Turbulent blood flow indicating partial occlusion

37
Q

Modified Allen test

A

Evaluates adequacy of collateral circulation before radial artery is cannulated