General Survey Flashcards
Why do we use anatomical terms?
Clear and accurate communication
-international standardization
-same frame of reference
Anatomical surface descriptions
Gives location and direction
Where do we use quadrant descriptions?
Abdominal and breast
When are region descriptors used?
Abdominal region
Superior
Above, higher
Inferior
Below
Posterior
Back of
Anterior
Front of
Proximal
Distal
What are routine precautions and practices?
Hand hygiene, gloves,
When do you normally use gloves
Risk of contact of bodily fluids, break in skins, mucous membranes
Hand hygiene is done
Before and after every patient contact, taking off gloves, procedures, contaminated
Inspection
Intentional
-first technique for every system
-able to see so much more
-viewing: alterness, gender, age, changes, skin colour, patients emotions
-sight, hearing and smell
Techniques needed for inspection
-proper lighting (uneven, pulsations)
-exposure
-language
-equipment
-symmetrical comparisons
General survey
-first moment of meeting a patient
-physical appearance, body structure, mobility, behaviour
Baby video things to note about pain in babies
-laboured breathing
-intermittent
-arching back, arm movements, kicking legs
-grimace, brow bulge, nasolabial folds, taught tongue
-whimper to a soft cry
Observational pain assessment for dementia
-gaurded, with specific body parts
-trouble sleeping
-not engaging in usual activities
Change=pain
PAIN acronym
Pick up on mood, asses verbal cues, inspect facial expressions, notice body language
What does light palpation asses
Bumps, lumps, surface lesions, texture, inflammation, swelling
Light palpation
1 cm under skin, soft circles, lifting imbetween,
What do finger tips tell us
Elasticity, palpation, fluid, characteristics, turger
What does dorsal of hands detect
Temperature,
Ulnar edge of hand detects the
Vibration
Tympanic sounds
Loud, high and longest
-found in abdomen (stomach/intestine)
Air filled space
Loud, low, long
-lungs
Resonant
Loud, low, long, hollow
-lungs
Solid filled spaces/dull sounds
Short, soft, soprano
-dense organ
Hyperresonant
Over inflated lungs (COPD, in kids lungs)
-louder, lower, longer, booming
Dull sound
Over a dense organ
-high pitch, soprano, soft, short (thud)
flat sound
Over a muscle (much more dense)
-softer, high pitch, shorter, instant stop
Lung sounds dull
-fluid, mass
Example of lungs entire assessment (something is wrong)
Inspection - SOB
Percussion - dullness
Auscultation - bronchial
Palpation - asymmetrical chest expansion
Hyper resonant
Louder, lower, booming, longer
Auscultation
Listening to sounds produced by parts of the body
