PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

o blood vessels that carry oxygenated, nutrient rich
blood from the heart to the capillaries.

Answer 1

• Arteries

Question 2

o arterial network is a ____-pressure system.

Answer 2

high

Question 3

The superficial and deep ___ provide extra
protection against arterial occlusion to the hands and
fingers

Answer 3

palmar arches

Question 3

o Surge of blood

Answer 3

Arterial Pulse

Question 3

o major artery that supplies the arm.
o can be palpated medial to the biceps tendon in and
above the bend of the elbow

Answer 3

• Brachial artery

Question 4

• (extending down the little finger side of the
  arm)
• located on the medial aspect of the wrist, is a
  deeper pulse and may not be easily palpated.

Answer 4

o Ulnar artery

Question 5

• (extending down the thumb side of the arm)
• Can be palpated on the lateral aspect of the
  wrist

Answer 5

Radial artery
* (extending

Question 6

The artery divides below the knee into anterior
and posterior branches.

Answer 6

popliteal

Question 6

o major supplier of blood to the legs. Its pulse can be
palpated just under the inguinal ligament.

Answer 6

• Femoral artery

Question 7

Femoral artery travels down the front of the thigh then crosses to the
back of the thigh, where it is termed the

Answer 7

popliteal
artery

Question 8

can be palpated behind the knee.

Answer 8

Popliteal pulse

Question 9

o anterior branch descends down the top of the foot
o pulse can be palpated on the great toe side of the
top of the foot.

Answer 9

Dorsalis pedis artery

Question 10

o Posterior branch
o pulse can be palpated behind the medial malleolus
of the ankle.

Answer 10

Posterior tibial artery

Question 11

Veins are _ in diameter than arteries

Answer 11

larger

Question 11

o blood vessels that carry deoxygenated, nutrient-
depleted, waste-laden blood from the tissues back to
the heart.

Answer 11

• Veins

Question 11

The veins contain nearly ___% of the body’s blood volume.

Answer 11

70

Question 12

Three types of veins:

Answer 12

o deep veins
o superficial veins
o perforator (or communicator) veins

Question 13

Two deep veins in the leg are the femoral vein in the upper
thigh and the popliteal vein located behind the knee.
These veins account for about __% of venous return from
the lower extremities.

Answer 13

90

Question 14

is the longest of all veins
and extends from the medial dorsal aspect of the
foot, crosses over the medial malleolus, and
continues across the thigh to the medial aspect of
the groin, where it joins the femoral vein.

Answer 14

Great saphenous vein

Question 15

Three mechanisms of venous function help to propel
blood back to the heart

: structure of veins

Answer 15

1st mechanism

Question 16

Three mechanisms of venous function help to propel
blood back to the heart

muscular contraction

Answer 16

2nd mechanism:

Question 17

Three mechanisms of venous function help to propel
blood back to the heart

creation of a pressure gradient
through the act of breathing.

Answer 17

3rd mechanism:

Question 18

Three mechanisms of venous function help to propel
blood back to the heart

• If there is a problem with any of these mechanisms, venous
  return is impeded and ___ results.

Answer 18

venous stasis

Question 19

(tortuous
and dilated) veins,

Answer 19

varicose

Question 20

o are small blood vessels that form the connection
between the arterioles and venules and allow the
circulatory system to maintain the vital equilibrium
between the vascular and interstitial spaces.

Answer 20

• Capillaries

Question 21

(generated by the blood pressure) is the
primary mechanism by which the interstitial fluid diffuses
out of the capillaries and enters the tissue space.

Answer 21

• Hydrostatic force

Question 22

primary function is to drain excess fluid and plasma
proteins from bodily tissues and return them to the
venous system.

Answer 22

Lymphatic system

Question 23

o capillaries join to form larger vessels that pass
through filters

Answer 23

• Lymph nodes

Question 24

After the lymph is filtered, it travels to either the ____ (which drains the upper right side of the
body)

Answer 24

right
lymphatic duct

Question 24

(which drains the rest of the
body) then back into the venous system through the
subclavian veins.

Answer 24

thoracic duct

Question 25

thoracic duct then back into the venous system through the

Answer 25

subclavian veins.

Question 26

This unique filtering feature of the lymph nodes allows the
lymphatic system to perform a ____ function as a major
part of the immune system defending the body against
microorganisms.

Answer 26

second

Question 27

A third function of the lymphatic system
is to

Answer 27

absorb fats (lipids) from the small intestine into the
bloodstream.

Question 28

o located approximately 3 cm above the elbow on the
inner (medial) aspect of the arm.
o drain the lower arm and hand. Lymph from the
remainder of the arm and hand drains to the axillary
lymph nodes

Answer 28

• Epitrochlear nodes

Question 29

Superficial inguinal nodes
o consist of two groups:

o located on the anterior thigh just under
the inguinal ligament

Answer 29

• horizontal chain

Question 30

• These nodes drain the legs, external genitalia,
  and lower abdomen and buttocks.

Answer 30

Superficial inguinal nodes

Question 31

Superficial inguinal nodes
o consist of two groups:

o located close to the great saphenous
vein

Answer 31

• vertical chain

Question 32

(swelling) results from an
obstruction of the lymphatic flow or from venous
insufficiency from such conditions as incompetent
valves or decreased osmotic pressure in the
capillaries.

Answer 32

Peripheral edema

Question 33

aortoiliac occlusion

Answer 33

(Leriche’s syndrome).

Question 34

a vascular disorder caused by
vasoconstriction or vasospasm of the fingers
or toes, is characterized by rapid changes of
color (pallor, cyanosis, and redness), swelling,
pain, numbness, tingling, burning, throbbing,
and coldness

Answer 34

o Raynaud’s disease

Question 35

this test evaluates patency
of the radial or ulnar arteries.

Answer 35

The Allen

Question 36

Lymph nodes larger than 2 cm with or without
tenderness

Answer 36

(lymphadenopathy)

Question 37

If the client has varicose veins,
perform_____ to assess the competence of
the vein’s valves.

Answer 37

Manual compression test.

Question 38

If the client has varicose veins,
perform the ____ test to determine the
competence of the saphenous vein valves and the
retrograde (backward) filling of the superficial veins.

Answer 38

Trendelenburg test.

Question 39

Pitting, documented as:
* 1+=
* 2+=
* 3+=
* 4+=

Answer 39

slight pitting

deeper than 1+

noticeably
deep pit; extremity
looks larger

very deep pit; gross edema in extremity