abdomen Flashcards
abdominal contents are enclosed externally by the
abdominal wall musculature.
Three Layers of Muscle
o External abdominal oblique
* Outermost layer
o Internal abdominal oblique
* Middle layer
o Transverse abdominis
* Innermost layer
o Connective tissue from these muscles extends
forward to encase a vertical muscle of the
anterior abdominal wall.
- Rectus Abdominis
joining of these muscle fibers and aponeuroses
at the midline of the abdomen forms a white line,
which extends vertically from the xiphoid
process of the sternum to the symphysis pubis.
- Linea alba
o connective tissue which provides strength to the
abdominal wall
- Aponeuroses
- Organs that maintain their shape consistently
SOLID VISCERA
– thin, shiny, serous membrane
Peritoneum
- structures that change shape depending on their contents
HOLLOW VISCERA
– condition of having gallstones
Cholelithiasis
TYPES OF PAIN:
PAIN –localized and more severe
and steady pain.
PARETIAL PAIN
– obstruction in the common bile
duct
Malabsorption of fat (Malabsorption
syndrome)
– inflamed gallbladder
Cholecystolithiasis
TYPES OF PAIN:
–characterized as dull,
aching, burning, cramping or colicky.
VISCERAL PAIN
– fatty stool
Steatorrhea
TYPES OF PAIN:
– occurs at distant sites
REFERRED PAIN
(pyrosis),
Indigestion
– “ravenous appetite”
Hyperthyroidism
– outpouching of the intestinal
walls
Diverticulosi
– inflammation of pouches that
forms in the intestine
Diverticulitis
Bloody and mucoid stools are associated with
inflammatory bowel diseases
(e.g., ulcerative
colitis, Crohn’s disease);
– kidney inflammation
nephritis
clay-colored, fatty
stools may be from .
malabsorption syndromes
– kidney stones
Urolithiasis
6 F’s - major causes of abdominal distention
(Fat,
feces, fetus, fibroids, flatulence, and fluid)
