Breast And Lymphatic System Flashcards
Retracted breast tissue suggests
malignancy.
Resulting from edema an orange peel appearance of the breast is associated with cancer.
PRALI D’ORANGE
Reddened, painful area on breast warm to palpation.
MASTITIS
a smooth, fim, movable disc of glandular tissue, may be seen in one breast in males during puberty, usually temporarily
Gynecomastia
Redness and flaking of the nipple may be seen early in____ and then disappear. However, further assessment is needed because this does not mean the disease is gone Fingling itching increased sensitivity, burning, discharge, and pain in the nipple are late signs of Paget disease. It may occur in both breasts, but is rare.
PAGET DISEASE WITH INVASIVE INTRADUCTAL CARCINOMA
what size doe lymph nodes may indicate infection of the hand or arm. Large nodes that are hard and fixed to the skin may indicate an underlying malignancy,
(greater than 1 am)
is a small growth inside a milk duct of the breast, often near the areola. It is harmless and occurs in women ages 35-50.
intraductal papilloma
are a collection of fatty tissue that may also appear as a lump.
Lipomas
(sacs filled with milk) and infections (mastitis) may tum into an abscess and occur if breastfeeding or recently given birth.
Milk cysts (
paired mammary glands that lie over the muscles of
the anterior chest wall, anterior to the pectoralis
major and serratus anterior muscles.
- Breast
Depending on their size and shape, the breasts extend
vertically from the ____ and horizontally
from the ____
2nd to the 6th rib
sternum to the mid-axillary line.
The upper outer quadrant, which extends into the
axillary area, is referred to as the
tail of Spence.
o surrounds the nipple (generally 1 to 2 cm radius)
Areola
- Areola contains elevated sebaceous glands ___ that secrete a protective lipid substance
during lactation.
(Montgomery
glands)
___ nipples or other breast
tissue may appear along this “milk line”
supernumerary
Female breasts consist of three types of tissue: .
glandular,
fibrous, and fatty
constitutes the functional part of the breast, allowing
for milk production
o arranged in 15 to 20 lobes that radiate in a circular
fashion from the nipple.
Glandular tissue
from the alveoli converge into a single lactiferous
duct that leaves each lobe and conveys milk to the
nipple.
- Mammary ducts
- slight enlargement in each duct before it
reaches the nipple - milk can be stored until stimulated
Lactiferous sinus
Fibrous tissue
o provides support for the glandular tissue largely by
way of bands called ____
Cooper’s ligaments
(suspensory ligaments).
provides support for the glandular tissue largely by
way of bands called Cooper’s ligaments
(suspensory ligaments).
Fibrous tissue
___fat provides most
of the substance to the breast
subcutaneous and retromammary
The major axillary lymph nodes consist of the
anterior (__), posterior (___), lateral
(_____), and central(_____) nodes.
(pectoral),subscapular, brachial, mid-axillary
– drain the anterior chest wall
and breasts
Anterior (pectoral)
- drain the posterior chest
wall and part of the arms
Posterior (subscapular)
– drain most of the arms
Lateral (brachial)
– receive drainage from the
anterior, posterior, and lateral lymph nodes
Central (mid-axillary)
o Enlargement of breast in males
- Gynecomastia
– enlargement of lymph nodes
Lymphadenopathy
Haloperidol (Haldol), an antipsychotic drug, can
cause
galactorrhea (persistent milk secretion
whether or not the woman is breast-feeding or not)
and lactation.
Red, scaly, crusty areas are indicative of
Paget’s
disease.
Peau d’orange skin, associated with carcinoma,
may be first seen in the
areola
- a smooth, firm, movable disc of glandular
tissue, may be seen in one breast in males
during puberty for a temporary time.
Gynecomastia
Use the ____ to palpate the client’s
breasts
flat pads of three fingers
Vary the levels of pressure as you
palpate.
a. Light—
b. Medium—
c. Firm—
superficial
mid-level tissue
to the ribs
Use the _____ if the client has large breasts.
bimanual technique
o Resulting from edema, an orange peel appearance
of the breast is associated with cancer.
- Peau D’Orange
o These are irregular, firm, hard, not defined masses
that may be fixed or mobile.
o They are not usually tender and usually occur after
age 50.
- Cancerous Tumors
o These lesions are lobular, ovoid, or round.
o They are firm, well defined, seldom tender, and
usually singular and mobile.
o They occur more commonly between puberty and
menopause.
Fibroadenomas
o Also called fibrocystic breast disease, benign
breast disease is marked by round, elastic, defined,
tender, and mobile cysts.
o The condition is most common from age 30 to
menopause, after which it decreases.
- Benign Breast Disease
Premenstrual breast lumpiness and soreness that
subside after the end of the menstrual cycle may
indicate
benign breast disease (fibrocystic breast
disease).
Redness and warmth indicate inflammation.
inflammation.
A
dimpling or retraction of the nipple or fibrous tissue
may indicate
breast cancer
A recent increase in the size of one breast may
indicate
inflammation or abnormal growth.
Early menses (before age _ ) or delayed
menopause (after age _ ) increases the risk for
breast cancer.
13, 52
The risk of breast cancer is ____ for women who
have never given birth or for those who had their first
child after age 30.
greater
diet may increase the risk for breast
cancer.
A high-fat
Hormones and some antipsychotic agents can
cause
breast engorgement in women.
o Alcohol intake exceeding two drinks per day has
been associated with a higher risk for
breast cancer.
Caffeine can aggravate
fibrocystic breast disease.
