peripheral vascular Flashcards

1
Q

what is the ABPI

A

leg BP : arm BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what ABPI would indicate calcification

A

> 1,2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what ABPI is normal

A

1-1.2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what ABPI indicated PAD

A

<0.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how does intermittent claudication present

A

aching/ burning walking which is relieved by rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

1st line invx intermittent claudication

A

USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what invx required before intervention in intermittent claudication

A

MRA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what ABPI indicated critical limb ischaemia

A

<0.5 (severe disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

symptoms critical limb ischaemia

A

1 of: rest pain for 2+ weeks // ulcers // gangrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

features of acute limb-threatening ischaemia

A

pale, pulseness, pallor, pain, paraesthesia, cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

1st line invx acute limb threatening ischaemia

A

USS doppler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

difference in history between thrombus and emboli acute critical limb ischaemia

A

thrombus - plaque rupture (pre-existing PAD) // emboli eg A fi =b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

initial mx acute critical limb ischaemia

A

ABCDE // IV opioids // IV heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

definitive mx acute critical limb ischaemia

A

thrombolysis // embolectomy // angioplasty // bypass // amuptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lifestyle mx for PAD

A

lose weight + stop smoking + exercose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1st line mx PAD

A

clopidogrel (+ statin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when are endovascular revascularization procedures done for PAD

A

short segment stenosis (<10cm) or aortic iliac disease in high risk patients

18
Q

when are surgical revascularization procedures done for PAD

A

long segments, multifocal segments, common femoral and infrapopliteal

19
Q

how do most venous leg ulcers form

A

due to venous insufficiency

20
Q

features of venous insufficiency

A

oedema, brown pigmentation, lipodermatosclerosis, eczema

21
Q

where do venous ulcers form

A

usually above the ankle + painless

22
Q

invx venous ulcer

23
Q

mx venous ulcer

A

4 layer compression bandage (if no PAD)

24
Q

what can be done for non-healing venous ulcers

A

skin graft

25
where do arterial ulcers form
toes and heels
26
presentation arterial ulcer
painful, cold, may be gangrene
27
where do neuropathic (diabetic) ulcers form
plantar surface of metatarsal head or hallux (base of toes)
28
what vein do varicose veins usually form
great and small saphenous vein
29
RF varicose veins
age, female, pregnant, obesity
30
invx varicose veins
USS doppler (retrograde)
31
conservative mx varicose veins
leg elevation, weight loss, exercise, compression stockings
32
reasons for referral varicose veins
pain, swelling // bleeding // skin changes from venous insufficiency // superficial thrombophlebitis // leg ulcer
33
mx varicose veins (3)
endothermal ablation // foam sclerotherapy // surgical ligation
34
what is superficial thrombophlebitis + where does it usually occur
thrombosis of a superficial vein - saphenous
35
acute cause of superficial thrombophelbitis
DVT
36
mx superficial thrombophlebitis
oral NSAIDS + compression stockings +/- topical NSAIDS or heparinoids
37
what invx should all patients with superficial thrombophlebitis recieve
USS
38
what is reynauds
hands become white and blue in cold - affects females
39
mx reynauds
CCB
40
where are emboli in the upper limb likely to lodge
50% brachial, 30% axillary
41
what is buergers disease
small and medium vessel vaculitis assoc with smoking --> claudication, superficial thrombophlebitis + reynauds