Congenital Flashcards
most common congenital heart defect
VSD
types of ASD
otisum secundum + ostium primum
most common ASD
ostium secundum
symptoms ASD
ejection systolic murmur, fixed spitting S2 // embolism
what is seen on ECG of ostium secundum
RBBB + RAD
what is seen on ECG of ostium primum
RBBB + LAD and prolonged PR
which type of ASD presents earlier
ostium primum
what % of VSD close with no intervention
50%
what chromosomal disorders are assoc with VSD
downs (T21) // edwards (T18) // (T13) // cri-du-chat
when can VSDs be detected in utero
20 week scan
presentation SVD in babies
failure to thrive // HF: raised RR + HR, pale
what type of murmur is present in VSD
panystsolic murmur
how can large VSDs be managed
diuretics or surgery
complications VSD (5)
aortic regurg // infective endocarditis // eisenmengers // R HF // pulm hypertension
what condition is pregnancy contraindicated in
pulmonary hypertension
what shunt does ASD/ VSD cause
left –> right
what is eisenmengers
reversal of left to right shunt
what is eisenmengers assoc with (3)
ASD / VSD / patent ductus arteriosus
features eisenmengers
murmur resolves // cyanosis // clubbing // RV failure // haemoptysis + embolism
mx eisenmengers
heart + lung transplant
what is patent ductus arteriosus
ductus arteriosus does not close so connection between pulmonary vein and aorta
RF for ductus arteriosus (3)
premature // high altitude birth // rubella infection 1st trimester
presentaation patent ductus arteriosus (4)
left subclavicular thrill // continuous murmur // bounding + collapsing pulse // heaving apex beat
medical mx of patent ductus arteriosus
indomethacin or ibuprofen
if surgery is needed in patent ductus arteriosus what drug is given + why
prostaglandin E1 to keep open until after repair
what is coarction of aorta
congenital narrowing of descending aorta
who is coarction of aorta most common in
boys
presentation coarction of aorta
children: HF // adults: hypertension // mid-systolic murmur // aplical click // radio-femoral delay // inf notching ribs
