cardiomyopathy Flashcards
most common type of cardiomyopathy
dilated
what organism can cause myocarditis –> dilated cardiomyopathy
coxsackie, HIV, diptheria, chagas
what substances can cause dilated cardiomyopathy
alcohol and cocaine (and doxorubicin)
what can cause dilated cardiomyopathy in women
pregnancy
what genetic conditions is assoc esp with dilated cardiomyopathy
duchenne muscular dystrophy
what nutirional deficiency can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy
thiamine –> wet beri beri
what dysfunction is seen in dilated cardiomyopathy
dilated chambers –> systolic dysfunction
presentation + murmur dilated cardiomyopathy
HF // systolic murmur // S3
what imaging can be done for dilated cardiomyopathy
Xray –> dilated
what cardiomyopathy causes sudden cardiac death in young people
hypertrophic obstructive (HOCM)
inhertience of HOCM
dominant
what dysfunction is seen in HOCM
diastolic (decreased compliance –> decreased CO)
what is seen on biopsy of HOCM
myofibrillar hypertyophy + disorganised myoctes + fibrosis
symptoms HOCM
on exercise: SOB + syncope // double apex beat // jerky pulse // systolic murmur (decrease on squatting, increase valsalva)
what causes sudden death in HOCM
ventricular arrhythia
what is assoc with HOCM
WPW + friedreichs ataxia
what is seen on echo HOCM
MR SAM ASH: mitral regurg // stsolic anterior motion // asymmetric hypertrophy
ECG HOCM
large Q waves // T wave inversion
HOCM mx
ABCD: amiodarone // BB (or verapamil) // cardio defib // dual chamber pacemaker
drugs to avoid in HOCM
nitrates // ACEi // inotropes
what type of inheritance is arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
dominant - varying penetrance
what is the pathology of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
right ventricle myocardium replaced by fat
presentation arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
palpitations, syncope, sudden death
ECG arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
T wave inversion V1-3 // terminal notch in QRS (epsilon wave)
imaging arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
echo or MR
mx arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (3)
sotalol // cathater ablation // implantable cardio defib
what is naxos disease
recessive varient arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy // woolly hair
what is takotsubo cardiomyopathy
apical ballooning at the bottom of the heart which does not contract whilst top of heart does contract
symptoms takotsubo cardiomyopathy
chest pain, HF
ECG takotsubo cardiomyopathy
ST elevation
echo takotsubo cardiomyopathy
normal ;)
where is the mutation in HOCM
B-myosin heavy cheam
what is restrictive cardiomyopathy
lack of compliance
