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PA10315 2nd semester > peripheral resistance and blood pressure > Flashcards

peripheral resistance and blood pressure Flashcards

1
Q

Q proportional to

A

P
pressure gradient

Q= flow

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2
Q

Q inversely proportional to

A

R

resistance

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3
Q

Q =

A

Delta P/R

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4
Q

Q =

longer equation

A

delta P x (Pi r^4)/(8L x n)

n= eta , viscosity of fluid
L, length of vessel
r is radius

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5
Q

Q is

A

flow

CO in L/min

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6
Q

P units

A

mmHg

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7
Q

blood flows in what direction

A

high to low pressure

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8
Q

BP=

A

CO x PR

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9
Q

flow independent of

A

absolute pressure
P1
difference in pressure is the important part

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10
Q

why doesn’t length control blood flow in the body

A

it is constant

length of vessels doesn’t change

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11
Q

longer tube

A

more resistance, less flow

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12
Q

higher viscosity

A

more resistance, less flow

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13
Q

does viscosity control blood flow in the body

A

no, stays constant under physiological conditions

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14
Q

why would viscosity increase

A

dehydration
higher altitude, increased tbc production
EPO increasing

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15
Q

what is most important factor in determining flow

A

radius

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16
Q

decr radius

A

increased friction of fluid against vessel wall

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17
Q

reducing radius two fold..

A

decreases flow 16x

18
Q

how to regulate radius

A

smooth muscle

19
Q

total peripheral resistance mainly regulated by

A

arterioles

20
Q

total peripheral resistance is

and determines

A

sum of resistance in all blood vessels

blood pressure

21
Q

arterioles recap

A

thin muscular walls

regulate BP and flow to organs

22
Q

largest drop in pressure is within the

A

arterioles

23
Q

radius in the arterioles determines

A

blood flow to individual organs

smooth muscle relaxation and contraction controls which organs blood flowing to and how much

24
Q

at rest most blood going to which organ?

A

abdominal organs

25
Q

canniulation

A

measures BP
not very practical
measure pressure with transducer

26
Q

measuring arterial pressure

A

sphygmomanometer
with stethoscope and cuff
non invasive

27
Q

korotkoff sounds sequence

A

no sounds: cuff pressure above systolic pressure. artery shut

cuff pressure just below systolic pressure: first sounds, soft tapping, intermittent

sounds loud, tapping and intermittent

low muffled sound lasting continuously

cuff pressure below diastolic pressure , this vessel always open, no sound

this is as cuff pressure decreases

28
Q

high cuff pressure

A

no sounds, artery is closed

29
Q

middle cuff pressure

A

sounds heard

artery opening and closing

30
Q

low cuff pressure

A

no sounds

artery open

31
Q

where should the cuff be

A

at level of the heart

32
Q

pulse

A

vibration of arteries caused by ejection of blood from the heart from left ventricle

33
Q

2 places you can feel your pulse

A 
radial artery (wrist)
cartoid artery ( neck)
34
Q

pulse pressur

A

difference between systolic and diastolic pressure

35
Q

mean pressure

A

average pressure over the cycle

as diastole twice as long

36
Q

how is MAP often measured

A

DP + 1/3 PP (pulse pressure)

37
Q

is bp influenced by height

A

yes

38
Q

Pressure difference =

A

height x density x gravity

height most important because density and gravity stay same

39
Q

standing

A 
increased pressure of MAP in legs
lead to pooling of blood in the veins
feet swelling on flights 
pressure in head lower than feet
fainting
40
Q

flat

A

pressure in head almost same as feet

41
Q

hypertension

A

high bp

often don’t know cause

42
Q

high bp can lead to

A

heart attack: rupturing of coronary arteries
stroke : rupturing of blood vessels to brain
kidney failure, heart failure

PA10315 2nd semester (27 decks)

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