Peripheral Nervous System

Question 1

What is the endoneurium?

Answer 1

Surrounds each axon

Question 2

What is the perineurium?

Answer 2

Surrounds each fascicle

Question 3

What is the epineurium?

Answer 3

Surrounds each neuron/nerve

Question 4

Surrounds each neuron/nerve

Answer 4

Epineurium

Question 5

Surrounds each fascicle

Answer 5

Perineurium

Question 6

Surrounds each axon

Answer 6

Endoneurium

Question 7

Can nerves regenerate?

Answer 7

Cell body = no

Axon = yes

Question 8

How fast is peripheral nerve regeneration?

Answer 8

1.5 mm / day

Question 9

What do sensory receptors do?

Answer 9

Respond to stimuli (changes in environment)

Question 10

What is the difference between sensation and perception?

Answer 10

Sensation = aware of stimulus
Perception = interpretation (understand) stimulus

Question 11

How are different receptors classified?

Answer 11

1. Type of stimulus they detect
2. Body location
3. Structural complexity

Question 12

Based on the type of stimulus they detect, what are the 5 types of receptor?

Answer 12

Mechanoreceptor (mechanical force)
Thermoreceptor (hot and cold)
Photoreceptor (light)
Chemoreceptor (chemicals)
Nocireceptor (pain)

Question 13

Based on body location, what are the types of sensory receptors?

Answer 13

Exteroreceptors - respond to stimuli from outside body

Interoreceptors - respond to stimuli inside body

Proprioreceptors - respond to stimuli which detect body movement

Question 14

Based on structural complexity, what are the types of sensory receptors?

Answer 14

Simple (includes encapsulated and encapsulated)

Complex

Question 15

What are the three levels of motor integration?

Answer 15

Recommend level (highest)

Projection level (middle)

Segmental level (lowest)

Question 16

Somatic Motor Neuron.
Number of neurons?
Neurotransmitter/s? Excitatory or inhibitory?
Effector organs?
Myelination?

Answer 16

1 neuron (one synapse)
Acetylcholine - excitatory
Skeletal muscle
Heavily myelinated

Question 17

Parasympathetic Autonomic Neuron
Number of neurons?
Neurotransmitter/s? Excitatory or inhibitory?
Effector organs?
Myelination?

Answer 17

2 neurons (two synapses)
Acetylcholine - inhibitory
Smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle
Unmyelinated (post) - lightly myelinated (pre)

Question 18

Sympathetic Autonomic Neuron
Number of neurons?
Neurotransmitter/s? Excitatory or inhibitory?
Effector organs?
Myelination?

Answer 18

2 neurons (two synapses)
Norepinephrine - excitatory
Smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle
Unmyelinated (post) - lightly myelinated (pre)

Question 19

What does the adrenal medulla release? In response to what neurotransmitter?

Answer 19

Releases epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to acetyhcoline

Question 20

How can the sympathetic and parasympathetic ANS be differentiated anatomically?

Answer 20

Site of origin

• S: thoracolumbar
• P: craniosacral

Relative length of fibres

• S: pre is short, post is long
• P: pre is long, post is short

Location of ganglia

• S: further from organs
• P: close to organs

Question 21

How man sympathetic ganglion are in the synpathethic trunk?

Answer 21

23 ganglion

Question 22

ACh is released by:

Answer 22

cholingergic fibres

Question 23

NE is released by:

Answer 23

adrenergic fibres