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Semester Four > Perioperative Nursing Care > Flashcards

Perioperative Nursing Care Flashcards

1
Q

What does the prefix -peri mean?

A

Around something

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2
Q

What does ablative mean?

A

‘Getting rid of’ or removing a diseased body part surgery

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3
Q

What is palliative surgery?

A

The sole purpose is to minimise symptoms, without curing or fixing anything

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4
Q

What is preventative surgery?

A

To prevent something from going wrong, like removing moles before they become malignant

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5
Q

What is -ectomy

A

removal by cutting

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6
Q

What is -oscopy

A

Looking into

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7
Q

What is -ostomy

A

Formation of a permanent artificial opening

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8
Q

What is -otomy

A

Incision or cutting into

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9
Q

What is -plasty

A

Formation or repair

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10
Q

What is -orrhaphy

A

Suture or repair

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11
Q

What are the four goals for pre-operative care?

A
  • Assessing problems that may increase surgical risks
  • Teaching guidelines regarding surgery
  • Instructing exercises that will benefit the patient during post-operative period
  • Planning for discharge
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12
Q

What are some of the things you need to assess with a patient coming in for surgery?

A
  • Baseline data (mobility, normal life is like)
  • Physiological factors
  • Use of medications (non prescription and prescription)
  • Laboratory tests (like for HB baseline, electrolyte status) (remember this is a medical responsibility, not nursing)
  • Psychological status of the patient (assess anxiety)
  • Cultural factors
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13
Q

What does a physiological assessment assess for?

A
  • Presence of pain
  • Allergies
  • Presence of trauma and infection
  • The use of medications
  • Assess for pre-existing conditions (heart, respiratory, neuro, urinary, GIT etc)
  • Assess for fears and anxiety
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14
Q

How do we manage fear of unknown?

A
  • By patient education

- By therapeutic relationship

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15
Q

After what age is it routine to do a chest x-ray before surgery?

A

55

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16
Q

Why is it important to do routine preoperative screening tests?

A

Because if the pt has a low prothrombin clotting time, this will affect risk of bleeding
Screening for UTI etc

17
Q

Why are pt’s NIL by mouth before operations?

A

Because then they will be at risk of aspiration (vomiting under anaesthesia and then suffocating)

18
Q

What is a lymphedema bracelet?

A

To make others aware that they have lymphedema on that arm and to avoid using it for BP or medical procedures

19
Q

What does the nurse have to ensure goes with the pt to the operating theatre?

A

At least 20 name labels

20
Q

What is the pre-operation checklist?

A 
Generic part 
	Patient prep 
	Consent forms 
	Blood availability status
	Investigations 
	Documentations
	Nil by mouth status
	Pre-operative medication
21
Q

What are the Parameters for discharge from PACU?

A 
Easy, noiseless breathing
Protective reflexes are active
Patients are conscious and orientated
Vital signs have been stable
Intake and output is adequate
22
Q

What are the signs of haemorrhage?

A 
Restlessness
Cold, moist, pale skin 
Deep rapid respiration,
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Progressive weakness
23
Q

What are the signs of Thrombophlebitis?

A 
Pain
Redness 
Swelling
Warmth 
Positive Homan’s sign
24
Q

What are the signs of intestinal obstruction?

A

Abdominal distention
No bowel movement
No bowel sounds

25
Q

What are the signs of wound complications?

A

Wound infection
Wound dehiscence
Wound haemorrhage

26
Q

How do you manage a haemorrhage? (on advice from medical of course)

A

Administer Vitamin K as ordered
Pressure dressings
Blood transfusion
IV fluids

27
Q

How do you manage thromboplebitus?

A

Hydrate adequately
Encourage leg exercises and ambulate early
Elevate the affected leg with pillow support
Wear anti-embolic stockings

28
Q

To be discharged from PACU what has to happen?

A
  • You cannot be dependent on anything (like oxygen)

- Vital signs need to be within 20% of ‘normal’ vital signs

29
Q

How frequently do you monitor vital signs after an operation?

A

Every 15 minutes for a few hours- all depends on the Ward and what the surgery is.

30
Q

What is thromboplebitus?

A

Inflammation of the wall of a vein with associated thrombosis

31
Q

What is a Homan sign?

A

A positive Homans’s sign (calf pain at dorsiflexion of the foot) is thought to be associated with the presence of thrombosis.

32
Q

What is atelectasis?

A

partial collapse or incomplete inflation of the lung.

33
Q

What is splinting?

A

If the client has an abdominal or chest incision that will cause pain during coughing, instruct the client to hold a pillow firmly over the incision (splinting) when coughing (Figs. 1 and 2). Rationale: Coughing uses abdominal and accessory respiratory muscles, which may have been cut during surgery.

Semester Four (20 decks)

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