PERIODIC TABLE - Groups, Blocks, Periods, Patterns Flashcards
Name the first 6 elements in
Group 1
“Alkali Metals”
H Li Na K Rb Cs
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 2
“Alkaline Earth Metals”
Be
Mg
Ca
Sr
Name the first 3 elements in
Group 13
“Boron group” or “Triels”
B
Al
Ga
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 13
“Boron group” or “Triels”
B
Al
Ga
In
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 14
“Carbon group” or “tetragens”
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 15
“Pnictogens”
N
P
As
Sb
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 16
“Chalcogens”
O
S
Se
Te
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 17
“Halogens”
F
Cl
Br
I
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 18
“Noble Gases”
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Name the first 4 elements in
Group 18
“Noble Gases”
He - Sun
Ne - New
Ar - Inactive
Kr - Hard to find
Name the first 5 elements in
Group 14
“Carbon group” or “tetragens”
C Si Ge Sn Pb
Name the first 5 elements in
Group 18
“Noble Gases”
He Ne Ar Kr Xe
Periodic Table Group 1
Names
H Li Na K Rb Cs Fr "Alkali Metals"
Periodic Table Group 2
Names
Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra "Alkaline Earth Metals"
Periodic Table Group 13
Names (x6)
Group names (x3)
electrons
B Al Ga In Tl 113
“Boron group” (triels, icosagens)
three electrons in their outer energy levels (valence layers)
Periodic Table Group 14
Names (x6)
Group names (x3)
electrons
C Si Ge Sn Pb 114
“Carbon group” (tetragens, crystallogens)
The group is sometimes also referred to as tetragens because it has four electrons in its outermost shell or the valence shell. This group is also called the crystallogens.
Periodic Table Group 15
Names (x6)
Group name (and it’s meaning)
electrons
N P As Sb Bi 115
“Pnictogens”
The term pnictogen (or pnigogen) is derived from the Ancient Greek word πνίγειν (pnígein) meaning “to choke”, referring to the choking or stifling property of nitrogen gas.
They have 5 electrons in their outermost shell, that is 2 electrons in the s subshell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p subshell. They are therefore 3 electrons short of filling their outermost electron shell in their non-ionized state.
Periodic Table Group 16
Names (x6)
Group name
electrons
O S Se Te Po 116
“Chalcogens”
All of the chalcogens have six valence electrons, leaving them two electrons short of a full outer shell.
Often, oxygen is treated separately from the other chalcogens, sometimes even excluded from the scope of the term “chalcogen” altogether, due to its very different chemical behavior from sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium.
Periodic Table Group 17
Names (x6)
Group name (and it’s meaning)
electrons
F Cl Br I At 117 "Halogens"
The name “halogen” means “salt-producing”. When halogens react with metals they produce a wide range of salts, including calcium fluoride, sodium chloride (common table salt), silver bromide and potassium iodide.
Periodic Table Group 18
Names (x6)
Group name
electrons
He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn 118 "Noble Gases"
Their outer shell of valence electrons is “full”.
The inertness of noble gases makes them very suitable in applications where reactions are not wanted. For example, argon is used in light bulbs to prevent the hot tungsten filament from oxidizing;
BLOCK SIZES
s-block
d-block
p-block
f-block
p+f block
2
10
6
14
24
BLOCK SIZES. Increases
0 - He
He - Ne
Ne - Ar
Ar - Kr
Kr - Xe
Xe - Rn
Rn - 118
2
8
8
18
18
32
32
LANTHANIDES
Numbers only
58-71
ACTINIDES
Numbers only
90-103
TRANSITION METALS
Numbers only
Period 4: 21-30
Period 5: 39-48
Period 6: 57 + 72-80
Period 7: 89 + 104-112
TRANSITION METALS
Period 4
Numbers only
Period 4: 21-30
Period 5: 39-48
Period 6: 57 + 72-80
Period 7: 89 + 104-112
TRANSITION METALS
Period 5
Numbers only
Period 4: 21-30
Period 5: 39-48
Period 6: 57 + 72-80
Period 7: 89 + 104-112
TRANSITION METALS
Period 6
Numbers only
Period 4: 21-30
Period 5: 39-48
Period 6: 57 + 72-80
Period 7: 89 + 104-112
TRANSITION METALS
Period 7
Numbers only
Period 4: 21-30
Period 5: 39-48
Period 6: 57 + 72-80
Period 7: 89 + 104-112
P-BLOCK
Period 2
B C N O F Ne
P-BLOCK
Period 3
Al Si P S Cl Ar
P-BLOCK
Period 4
Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
P-BLOCK
Period 5
In Sn Sb Te I Xe
P-BLOCK
Period 6
Tl Pb Bi Po At Ra
P-BLOCK
Period 7
113 114 115 116 117 118
