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dcush > Period 7.1 > Flashcards

Period 7.1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Who is General John J. Pershing? What is his background? What did he do during WWI?
A

led buffalo soldiers in SPAM, led AEF in France during WWI

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2
Q
  1. What is the significance of the Battle of the Argonne Forest?
A

main american engagement of WWI and one of most significant and deadliest battles in US history

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3
Q
  1. Who is Alvin York? Why was he awarded the Medal of Honor?
A

American soldier who won Medal of Honor, captured 132 germans

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4
Q
  1. What was the American Expeditionary Force (AEF)?
A

US soldiers under Gen Pershing who were 1st to Europe

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5
Q
  1. What was the Great Migration? Who took part in it? Why? What were the effects?
A

Large-scale migration of southern blacks during&after WWI to North where jobs available during labor shortage from war; new black presence and demands for change inspired by war=racial tinderbox needing only an incident to trigger explosion;riots. AA clashed with white amers over jobs in north cities

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6
Q
  1. What took place that enabled the United States to take control of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico?
A

Spanish American War-1898 Treaty of Paris

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7
Q
  1. Why did the United States expand into the Pacific?
A

guam, philippines in pacific bc beat spanish in SPAM, wanted to expand market

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8
Q
  1. In terms of the Progressive Era, what is a referendum?
A

allowed public policies to be submitted to popular vote

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9
Q
  1. In terms of the Progressive Era, what is a recall?
A

Allowed removal of public officials by popular vote

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10
Q
  1. In terms of the Progressive Era, what is an initiative?
A

Aka direct legislation, citizens could propose and vote directly on laws, bypassing state legislatures

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11
Q
  1. Who is Alfred T. Mahan? Why is his book important and what was its title?
A

Naval officer who wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History argued nations needed large fleet of ships for trade protected by navy who had overseas bases. Influence secretary of state James Blaine to convince president (Harrison) to acquire Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Cuba as navy bases bc frontier ended and US needed to expand.

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12
Q
  1. Who are the muckrakers? Why are they called that? What movement did they help kick off?
A

Muckrakers were writers that exposed corruption and abuses in politics, business, meatpacking

got their name from T. Roosevelt speech “men with the muck rakes are often indispensable to the well being of society; but only if they know when to stop raking the muck . . .” “raking the muck” refers to practices of investigative journalists and activists who brought the unpleasant “muck” of corruption in government and big business to the surface

helped support the Progressive Movement

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13
Q
  1. Who is Upton Sinclair? What book did he write and what were the effects of that book?
A

He was a socialist writer (muckraker) and wrote The Jungle whose description of unsanitary slaughterhouses and sale of rotten meat=public outrage=passage of Pure Food and Drug Act + Meat Inspection Act of 1906

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14
Q
  1. Who is John Muir? What did he bring to Americans’ attention?
A

John Muir was a scottish-born naturalist that organized the Sierra Club to preserve forests from uncontrolled logging by timber companies. Environmental conservation

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15
Q
  1. What group sought to bring about changes to benefit/reform society?
A

Progressives, reformers

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16
Q
  1. Who were the Progressive presidents? Give examples of each presidents’ term in office enacting Progressive policies.
A

T. Roosevelt-big stick, passes consumer protection laws (Pure food drug act inspired by the jungle) and busts up trusts
Wilson- moral diplomacy (AKA noral imperialism); belief that U.S. foreign policy should b guided by morality and teach others about democracy and wilson used this belief to both repudiate Dollar Diplomacy and justify frequent military interventions in Latin America, child labor (keating owen act)
Taft-dollar diplomacy; promoted the spread of American influence through loans
and economic investments from American
banks, also he passes the 16th 17th amendments

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17
Q
  1. What happened to the frontier in 1890? What brought an end to the Indian
    Wars?
A

The frontier closed, indian wars ended by Wounded Knee

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18
Q
  1. During the Progressive Era, what else was occurring that was changing
    America’s identity?
A

2nd industrial revolution: urbanization, manufacturing increase

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19
Q
  1. Why did the U.S. government sell liberty/government/war bonds?
A

to raise money for war effort

20
Q
  1. What happened to civil liberties during WWI? Why?
A

Civil liberties were heavily suppressed due to the Espionage Act and Sedition act

Espionage act prohibited “false statements,” spying, and interfering with drafts

Sedition Act illegalized spoken and/or printed statements criticizing US government or encouraging interference with war effort

21
Q
  1. What did President Wilson say nations had a right to? Why?
A

SELF DETERMINATIOn and peace, so peace could be kept

22
Q
  1. What was the prevalent opinion of people who opposed the Spanish American War and expansion into the Pacific?
A

America was becoming increasingly imperialistic like the European powers

23
Q
  1. Why did President McKinley not grant the Philippines their independence?
A

He thought they were unprepared for it, had to “uplift/civilize/christianize” them to train for self gov

24
Q
  1. What is the Open Door Policy? Who did it affect?
A

China and european imperial powers, new US trade market

25
Q
  1. What does SLUGZ stand for?
A

S- Sussex pledge L- Lusitania U- Unrestricted submarine warfare G- Good terms with Britain Z-Zimmerman telegram (reasons US joined WWI)

26
Q
  1. How did Americans react to the content of the Zimmerman telegram?
A

Declared war, horrified, turned public against Germany

27
Q
  1. What is Schenck v United States? Why is it important?
A

1919 US Supreme Court decision upholding the wartime Espionage and Sedition Acts; in the opinion Schenck wrote for the case, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes set the now-familiar “clear and present danger” standard; if speech was “threatening’ could be criminalized

28
Q
  1. What other war did the United States fight in where civil rights were suppressed?
A

American civil war specifically but also SPAM

29
Q
  1. What role did children play during the Second Industrial Revolution?
A

workers

30
Q
  1. What sort of jobs did kids work at?
A

Textile mills, factories, manufacturing goods, create garments in sweatshops, mines, factories

31
Q
  1. Which group would most likely oppose child labor?
A

Progressives/reformists; generally middle class workers

32
Q
  1. What is Social Darwinism and why did people support it?
A

taking darwin’s theory and applies it to society to explain poor ppl bc it gave reason and diverted blame from capitalism

33
Q
  1. What is “yellow journalism/press” and how did it influence society/politics?
A

Sensational exaggerated news, these accounts of events in Havana Harbor 1898 led directly to Spanish-American War

34
Q
  1. Which group would most likely support American expansion?
A

Imperialists - they wanted control over land for more money to run empires

35
Q
  1. Who is Carry A. Nation and what did she do that made her infamous?
A

Hatchet and prohibitionist

36
Q
  1. Which group provided lots of support to the Progressive movement?
A

Middle class women bc they had time and education

37
Q
  1. What is the Ashcan School?
A

art of industrial neighborhoods often portraying the poorest ppl there

38
Q
  1. What is the Triangle Shirtwaist fire and what was the aftermath of the Tragedy?
A

It was the fire fire disaster that occurred at Triangle Shirtwaist Company in 1911, causing 500 preventable deaths; doors were locked to keep workers working
As a result, efforts to organize the city’s workers accelerated, and state legislature passed new factory inspection laws and fire safety codes

39
Q
  1. What was immigrant life like in the late 1800s through early 1900s?
A

They were clustered into “ethnic” neighborhoods with own shops, theaters, community organizations, spoke in native tongue. Endured low wages, long hours, and dangerous working conditions; eastern European immigrants low-wage unskilled labor while native-born skilled and supervisory jobs

40
Q
  1. What is a cause most Progressive’s paid little attention to during the Progressive Era?
A

Black civil rights because progressives were mostly white

41
Q
  1. What were the largest ports of entry for immigrants and where were they located in the United States?
A

Ellis Island (New York, east) and Angel Island (California, west)

42
Q
  1. Why did the United States intervene in the Caribbean?
A

keep europeans out and markets

43
Q
  1. Define “Americanization”
A

process through which an immigrant or group of immigrants changes their practices or identity to conform to the apparent mainstream.

44
Q
  1. What was the American response to the Russian revolution?
A

red scare: widespread fear of communism and noncitizens, strikes, mailbombs, riots

45
Q

Doughboys

A

troops of AEF

dcush (9 decks)

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