Period 7: 1890-1945 Flashcards
Monroe Doctrine
[7.2]
Warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. The purpose of the Doctrine was to prevent European colonization and the establishment of puppet regimes in the Americas
“New Imperialism”
[7.2]
“Jingoism”
[7.3]
Yellow Journalism
[7.3]
De Lome Letter
[7.3]
Sinking of the USS Maine
[7.3]
“a splendid little war”
[7.3]
Rough Riders
[7.3]
Philippines
[7.3]
Anti-Imperialist League
[7.3]
Platt Amendment
[7.3]
Spheres of Influence
[7.3]
Open Door Policy
[7.3]
Boxer Rebellion
[7.3]
“Big Stick” Policy
[7.3]
Panama Canal
[7.3]
“Dollar Diplomacy”
[7.3]
Manchuria
[7.3]
William Jennings Bryan
[7.3]
Urban Middle Class
[7.4]
John Dewey
[7.4]
Standard Oil Company
[7.4]
Ida Tarbell
[7.4]
Jacob Riis
[7.4]
Secret Ballot
[7.4]
Direct Primary
[7.4]
17th Amendment
[7.4]
Hiram Johnson
[7.4]
Temperance and Prohibition
[7.4]
Compulsory School Attendance
[7.4]
National Child Labor Commitee
[7.4]
Muller v. Oregon
[7.4]
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
[7.4]
Square Deal
[7.4]
Trust-Busting
[7.4]
The Jungle
[7.4]
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
[7.4]
Meat Inspection Act (1906)
[7.4]
Newlands Reclamation Act (1902)
[7.4]
16th Amendment
[7.4]
Socialist Party
[7.4]
Eugene V. Debs
[7.4]
Federal Reserve Act (1914)
[7.4]
Clayton Antitrust Act (1914)
[7.4]
Child Labor Act (1916)
[7.4]
NAACP
[7.4]
WEB Du Bois
[7.4]
Booker T. Washington
[7.4]
National Urban League
[7.4]
National American Woman Suffrage Association
[7.4]
19th Amendment
[7.4]
Margaret Sanger
[7.4]
Alice Paul
[7.4]
Neutrality
[7.5]
Allied Powers
[7.5]
Central Powers
[7.5]
Submarine Warfare
[7.5]
Lusitania
[7.5]
Election of 1916
[7.5]
Bolsheviks
[7.5]
far-left faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
November 11th, 1918
[7.5]
an armistice was signed between the Germans and the Allies, ending World War I
“Peace without Victory”
[7.5]
Fourteen Points
[7.5]
A series of peace proposals outlining a plan for achieving a just an lasting peace create by Woodrow Wilson
Big Four
[7.5]
Treaty of Versailles
[7.5]
Self-Determination
[7.5]
League of Nations
[7.5]
Irreconcilables
[7.5]
Rejection of Treaty
[7.5]
Food Administration
[7.6]
Railroad Administration
[7.6]
National War Labor Board
[7.6]
Liberty Bonds
[7.6]
Selective Service Act
[7.6]
Service by African Americans
[7.6]
Espionage Act (1917)
[7.6]
Sedition Act (1918)
[7.6]
Eugene Debs
[7.6]
Schenck v. United States
[7.6]
draft opposition
Palmer Raids
[7.6]
attempts by the United States Department of Justice to arrest and deport radical leftists, especially anarchists, from the United States
Welfare Capitalism
[7.7]
capitalism that includes social welfare policies and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees
Scopes Trial
[7.8]
a high school teacher, John T. Scopes, was accused of violating Tennessee’s Butler Act, which had made it illegal for teachers to teach human evolution in any state-funded school
21st Amendment
[7.8]
repeal prohibition
Black Tuesday
[7.9]
This is the name given to October 29, 1929. This date signaled a selling frenzy on Wall Street–days before stock prices had plunged to desperate levels. Investors were willing to sell their shares for pennies on the dollar or were simply holding on to the worthless certificates.
Buying on Margin
[7.9]
Purchasing stock with a little money down with the promise of paying the balance at sometime in the future
Excessive Use of Credit
[7.9]
Millions of Americans used credit to buy all sorts of things, like radios, refrigerators, washing machines, and cars. The banks even used credit to buy stocks in the stock market. This meant that everyone used credit, and no one had enough money to pay back all their loans, not even the banks
Hawley Smoot Tariff (1930)
[7.9]
reduced flow of goods into united states and prevented other countries from earning american currency to buy american goods.
New Deal
[7.10]
President Franklin Roosevelt’s precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insureance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state’s intervention in U.S. social and economic life. Three r’s Relief Recovery and Reform.
Bank Holiday
[7.10]
March 6, 1933- all banks closed for 4 days so that congress could enact legislation to stabilize the banking system; goal to restore confidence in the banks and avoid panic and withdrawal; congress passes the Emergency Banking Act during this time
EBA= Treasury inspects banks before they can reopen, give $ to get banks back on their feet; reestablished confidence
Public Works Administration
[7.10]
A major part of Roosevelt’s New Deal programs. The PWA put people to work building or improving public buildings like schools, post offices, etc.
Civilian Conservation Corps
[7.10]
1933- FDR personal favorite; employed 18-25 year old men to work in the national forests and parks; conservation work, planted trees, built reservoirs, parks, irrigation systems; 90% of money was sent back to families
Glass Steagall Act
[7.10]
four provisions of the United States Banking Act of 1933 separating commercial and investment banking
Federal Deposit Insurance Commission
[7.10]
established by the Glass-Steagall Act in 1933; insures bank deposits up to $5,000 (now $100,000); helps bring confidence and stability in banks
Social Security Act (1935)
[7.10]
created pensions for the elderly and disabled; created unemployment insurance; gave aid to dependent children; didn’t cover all workers (agriculture, domestic, government workers)
New Deal Coalition
[7.10]
an American political coalition that supported the Democratic Party beginning in 1932
Indian Reorganization Act (1934)
[7.10]
aimed at decreasing federal control of American Indian affairs and increasing Indian self-government and responsibility
Kellog-Briand Pact (1928)
[7.11]
an agreement to outlaw war signed on August 27, 1928
Dawes Plan (1924)
[7.11]
Germany’s annual reparation payments would be reduced, increasing over time as its economy improved
Axis Powers
[7.11]
in World War II, the nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan, which had formed an alliance in 1936.
Fascism
[7.11]
exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of oppositionf
Cash and Carry
[7.11]
Only way that Europe could buy American war materials in World War II. They would have to transport the munitions in their own ships and they could only purchase the munitions with cash.
Destroyers for Bases Deal
[7.11]
US Navy destroyers were transferred to the Royal Navy from the US Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions
Lend-Lease Act (1941)
[7.11]
Allowed US to lend supplies to the allies, to be returned at war’s end; eventually lent $50.1 billion
Pearl Harbor
[7.11]
Dec 7, 1941; US stopped selling scrap metal, oil, and steel to JP, which threatened JP expansion; so, they bombed Pearl Harbor causing the US to enter the war
Manhattan Project
[7.12]
development of atomic weapons during WW2; spent $2 billion; scientists like Einstein, Oppenheimer
Office of War Information
[7.12]
established by the government to promote patriotism and help keep americans united behind the war effort.
Double V
[7.12]
1942, idea encouraged by James G. Thompson that encouraged blacks to fight for victory “abroad and at home”; links black military service with demand for civil rights
Korematsu v. US
[7.12]
1944 Supreme Court case that backed EO 9022 Internment camps; said that internment was a military necessity and not a form of racism
D-Day
[7.13]
United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany
Holocaust
[7.13]
mass genocide of Jewish people and other minority groups in Germany during the dictatorship of Hitler and his Nazi party
Battle of Midway
[7.13]
An enormous battle that raged for four days near the small American outpost at Midway Island, at the end of which the US, despite great losses, was clearly victorious. The American navy destroyed four Japanese aircraft carriers and lost only one of its own; the action regained control of the central Pacific for the US.
Island Hopping
[7.13]
the American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought the American navy closer to an invasion of Japan.
Big Three
[7.14]
FDR, Churchill, and Stalin; separated by distance, must meet regularly to organize efforts
Yalta
[7.14]
a meeting of British prime minister Winston Churchill, Soviet premier Joseph Stalin, and President Franklin D.
Potsdam
[7.14]
The major issue at Potsdam was the question of how to handle Germany
United Nations
[7.14]
New “League of Nations” formed at the Yalta conference post-WW2; more power than the League; majors powers given a veto; US joins, enabling affectability (out of isolation for good)
