Period 2: 1607-1754

Question 1

Jamestown & Plymouth

Answer 1

FIrst 2 permanent English colonies, established in 1607

Question 2

1620

Answer 2

Pilgrims lands in Plymouth

Question 3

1619

Answer 3

Dutch traders sell the first Africans in Jamestown

Question 4

Corporate Colonies

Answer 4

Were operated by joint-stock companies, at least during their early years
ex) Jamestown

Question 5

Royal Colonies

Answer 5

Were to be under the direct authority and rule of the King’s government
ex) Virginia after 1624

Question 6

Proprietary Colonies

Answer 6

Under the authority of indiciduals granted charters of ownership by the king
ex) Maryland, Pennsylvania

Question 7

Triangular Trade

Answer 7

A three-part toute that connected North America, Africa, and Europe

Question 8

Mercantilism

Answer 8

An economic system that focused on growing a nation’s wealth by exporting easily produced goods in exchange for limited imports

Question 9

Metacom’s War (1675-1676)

Answer 9

A chief of the Wampanoag —Metacom —united many tribes in southern New England in response to English settlers encroaching on Native lands, while some tribes supported the colonists due to a feud with the Wampanoag. Several villages were burned, hundreds killed and thousands injured, and eventually, the colonists and their Native allies won, killing Metacom and ending most Native resistance in New England.

Question 10

Sir William Berkeley

Answer 10

Royal governor of Virginia, used dictatorial powers to govern on behalf of the large planters, as well as antagonized small farmers because he failed to protect them from Native attacks

Question 11

Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)

Answer 11

Impoverished farmer Nathaniel Bacon, raised an army of volunteers and conducted a series of raids and massacres against Native villages on the frontier, including some who were friendly with the colonial government. berkeley’s government in Jamestown accused Bacon of rebelling against royal authority, Bacon’s army defeated the governor’s forces and burned the Jamestown settlement. Soon after, Bacon died of dysentery, leading to the rebel army collapse. Berkely went on to suppress the remnants of the insurrection, executing 23 rebels.

Question 12

New England Confederation (1643-1684)

Answer 12

Military alliance of Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, and New Haven, for their mutual protection. Lasted until 1684, when colonial rivalries and renewed control of the English monarch brought it to an end.

Question 13

Reasons for increased demand in enslaved Africans

Answer 13

• Reduced migration
• Dependable workforce
• Low-cost labor

Question 14

Headright System

Answer 14

offered 50 acres of land to each immigrant who paid for his own passage and to any plantation owner who paid for an immigrant’s passage

Question 15

Subsistence Farming

Answer 15

Small-scale farming, producing just enough for the family

Question 16

The Great Awakening

Answer 16

A movement of fervent expressions of religious feeling among the masses, where ordinary people were encouraged to make a personal connection with God, rather than relying on a minister

Question 17

The Enlightenment

Answer 17

A movement in literature and philosophy that believed the recent past was a “dark” era in which people relied too much on tradition, and that the “light” of reason could solve most of humanity’s problems.

Question 18

Navigation Acts

Answer 18

Required merchants to engage in trade with english colonies & english-owned ships

Question 19

Stono Rebellion (1739)

Answer 19

A small group of slaves stole weapons from a store and killed its owners, before marching up the stono river with #’s growing as they marched. Along the way they burned plantations and killed white people, coming to and end when the South Carolina militia squashed their rebellion

Question 20

Pueblo Revolt (1680)

Answer 20

A 1680 uprising of the Pueblo Indians against the Spanish who ruled the southwest