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APUSH > Period 5: 1844-1877 > Flashcards

Period 5: 1844-1877 Flashcards

1
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The notion that Americans have a god-given right to have a nation that extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific

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2
Q

Gold Rush (1848)

A

a period of rapid economic growth and expansion in California that started in 1848 with the discovery of gold

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3
Q

Farming Frontier

A

Pioneer families moving west to start homesteads + begin farming (largely middle class)

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4
Q

Urban Frontier

A

Western cities rising and attracting professionals and business owners

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5
Q

Oregon Territory

A
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6
Q

Texas

A
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6
Q

James K. Polk

A

Firm believer in Manifest Destiny, wanted America to annex both Oregon & Texas + California

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7
Q

Alamo

A
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8
Q

Foreign Commerce

A
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9
Q

Exports and Imports

A
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10
Q

Mexican-American War

A
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11
Q

California

A
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12
Q

Nueces River

A
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13
Q

Rio Grande

A
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14
Q

Zachary Taylor

A
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15
Q

Bear Flag Republic

A
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16
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

A
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17
Q

Mexican Cession

A
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18
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

In 1846 David Wilmot proposed that an appropriations bill be amended to forbid slavery in any territory acquired from Mexico, it passed the House twice and was defeated in the Senate twice

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19
Q

Ostend Manifesto

A

Franklin Pierce dispatched 3 American diplomats to Ostend, Belgium to secretly negotiate to buy Cuba from Spain, the agreement was leaked and called the Ostend Manifesto, and antislavery members of Congress forced Pierce to drop it

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20
Q

Gadsden Purchase

A

Pierce bought a small strip of land from Mexico in 1853 for $10m. It laid on the best route for a railroad through the region, and it forms the southern parts of New Mexico and Arizona

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21
Q

Free-Soil Movement

A

No slavery in the West in order to keep it “whites only”

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22
Q

Free-Soil Party

A
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23
Q

“Barnburners”

A

Antislavery Democrats, called this because their defection threatened to destroy the democratic party

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24
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A
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25
Q

Henry Clay

A

Proposed the Compromise of 1850

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26
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

California free state, divided the rest of the Mexican cession into Utah and New Mexico, fugitive slave law, banned the slave trade in columbia but permitted whites to own enslaved people there as before, federal government assumed Texas public debt of $10m in exchange for giving the land in dispute between Texas and New Mexico to the new territories

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27
Q

Industrial Technology

A

Industrialization of the 1840s, created shoes, sewing machines, ready-to-wear clothing, firearms, precision tools, and iron products for railroads, etc.

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28
Q

Elias Howe

A

Invented the modern lockstitch sewing machine

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29
Q

Samuel F. B. Morse

A

Contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on EU telegraphs

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30
Q

Railroads

A
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31
Q

Panic of 1857

A

Decrease in prices and an increase in unemployment in northern cities, cotton prices were still high, south was less affected so some believed their plantation economy was superior

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32
Q

Nativism

A
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33
Q

Irish

A
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34
Q

Roman Catholic

A
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35
Q

Germans

A
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36
Q

Tammany Hall

A

Democratic organization Irish were excluded from

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37
Q

Fugitive Slave Law

A
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38
Q

Underground Railroad

A
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39
Q

Harriet Tubman

A
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40
Q

“Bleeding Kansas”

A

The era during which opposing political groups occupied Kansas

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41
Q

Pottawatomie Creek

A

After proslavery forces attacked the free town of Lawrence, killing 2 and destroying homes and businesses, abolitionist John Brown and his sons attacked a proslavery farm at Pottawatomie Creek, killing 5

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42
Q

Lecompton Constitution

A
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43
Q

Stephan A. Douglas

A
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44
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Essentially repealed the Missouri Compromise, as well as created Kansas and Nebraska

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45
Q

Franklin Pierce

A

Signed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and enforced fugitive slave laws

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46
Q

Know-Nothing Party

A

Nativist Party

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47
Q

Republican Party

A
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48
Q

Dred Scott v. Sandford

49
Q

Roger Taney

A

Chief Justice of the Dred Scott case, claimed Scott was still a slave under the 5th Amendment

50
Q

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

51
Q

Abraham Lincoln

52
Q

House-Divided Speech

53
Q

Freeport Doctrine

A

Held that citizens of territories could ban slavery

54
Q

Sumner-Brooks Incident

55
Q

John Brown

A

Started an uprising of enslaved people in Virginia. His plan was to attack the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, and he and his band were captured after a 2-day siege. Brown was then convicted and hung

56
Q

Harpers Ferry

57
Q

John C. Breckenridge

58
Q

John Bell

59
Q

Secession

60
Q

Crittenden Compromise

A

Crittenden introduced legislation that would reinstate the Missouri Compromise line, forbid the abolition of slavery on federal land in slaveholding states, compensate owners for runaway slaves, and other amendments to support the institution of slavery

61
Q

Border States

62
Q

Fort Sumter

A

Lincoln announced that he was sending provisions of food to the small federal garrison adn gave South Carolina the choice to either permit it to hold out or opening fire. Carolina chose to fire and marked the start of the Civil War

63
Q

Confederate States of America

64
Q

Jefferson Davis

65
Q

Bull Run

66
Q

Thomas (Stonewall) Jackson

67
Q

Winfield Scott

68
Q

Anaconda Plan

69
Q

George B. McClellan

70
Q

Robert E. Lee

71
Q

Antietam

72
Q

Fredericksburg

73
Q

Ulysses S Grant

74
Q

Shiloh

75
Q

Gettysburg

76
Q

Sherman’s March

77
Q

William Tecumseh Sherman

78
Q

Appomattox Courthouse

79
Q

Trent Affair

80
Q

Greenbacks

81
Q

Morrill Tariff Act

82
Q

Morrill Land Grant Act

83
Q

Federal Land Grants

84
Q

Pacific Railway Act

85
Q

Homestead Act (1862)

86
Q

Habeas Corpus

87
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

88
Q

Copperheads

89
Q

Gettysburg Address

90
Q

Massachusetts 54th Regiment

91
Q

13th Amendment

92
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1866

93
Q

14th Amendment

94
Q

Equal Protection of the Laws

95
Q

Due Process of the Law

96
Q

15th Amendment

A

Prevents states from prohibiting right to vote based on race

97
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1875

98
Q

William Tweed

99
Q

Spoilsmen

100
Q

Patronage

101
Q

Thomas Nast

102
Q

Horace Greeley

103
Q

Panic of 1873

104
Q

Reconstruction

105
Q

Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction

106
Q

Andred Johnson

107
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

108
Q

Liberal Republicans

109
Q

Charles Sumner

110
Q

Tenure of Office Act

111
Q

Impeachment

112
Q

Carpetbaggers

113
Q

Women’s Suffrage

114
Q

Hiram Revels

115
Q

Blanche K. Bruce

116
Q

Rutherford B. Hayes

A

Governor of Ohio (Republican)

117
Q

Samuel J. Tilden

A

New York’s reform governor (democrat)

118
Q

Election of 1876

119
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Withdrawl of troops from the South in order for Hayes to become President

120
Q

Sharecropping

A

System based on tenancy where the landlord provided the seed and supplies in return for a share of the harvest

APUSH (8 decks)

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