period 4: 1450-1750 APWH

Question 0

What role does Africa play in worldwide trade during this period in history?

Answer 0

traded slaves

Question 1

What is the Council of Trent? How did it deal with the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 1

Sought to keep a balanced favorable to Rome
Reform and reinvigorate the church
restated beliefs and corrected abuses

Question 2

Why is there a rift between the Catholic Church and the Enlightenment thinkers?

Answer 2

They were advocating use of scientific method, reason, and intellect. They said religion was worthless. Diderot tried to change the general way of thinking through his Encyclopedia

Question 3

What resulted from an increasing Western presence in eastern nations such as India and China?

Answer 3

Positive effect because of trade.
it was modernized and industrialized under the British. improved sanitation and public health. medicine increase for goods and services. education. literary increased. parliamentary democracy. in India (in China, western technology, philosophy, and commercial markers were introduced. improved infrastructure and stabilized local government. Chinese resisted. they regarded it as inferior to there own. india was directly controlled by the British, but china wasn’t

Question 4

What are the 95 theses? How do they signal the beginning of the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 4

95 Theses were a document that Luther wrote. forbidding the sale of indulgences. Luther felt indulgences created a middle person that interfered with God. indulgences cannot get you out of purgatory, only God can. The focus needed to be on God, not the pope or priests

Question 5

What is the role of women in the Ottoman Empire, as well as Europe during this time period?

Answer 5

Women were permitted to own and inherit property. They could not be forced in to marriage, and in certain cases were permitted to seek a divorce
“Tolerant attitude”

Question 6

Locke

Answer 6

natural Rights- Life, Liberty, and Property

Question 7

Montesquieu

Answer 7

separation of powers

Question 8

Voltaire

Answer 8

freedom of thought and expression

Question 9

Voltaire

Answer 9

religious freedom

Question 10

Beccaria

Answer 10

abolishment of torture

Question 11

Wollstonecraft

Answer 11

Women’’s Equality

Question 12

Copernicus

Answer 12

used Greek Theory and astronomy to show planets revolve around the sun (Heliocentric Theory)

Question 13

Kepler

Answer 13

laws govern planetary motion

elliptical orbits

Question 14

Galileo

Answer 14

law of gravity

Question 15

Francis Bacon

Answer 15

believed that scientists could produce practical knowledge through observation

Question 16

Decartes

Answer 16

method uses mathematics and logic

Question 17

Isaac Newton

Answer 17

perfected law of gravity

Question 18

Vesalius

Answer 18

dissected human corpses

Question 19

William Harvey

Answer 19

discovered blood circulation through the heart

Question 20

Edward Jenner

Answer 20

introduced vaccination to eliminate smallpox

Question 21

Mercantilism

Answer 21

increase in maritime trade. commercial economy

colonial expansion

Question 22

Hernando Cortez

Answer 22

conquest of the Aztecs

Question 23

Francis Drake

Answer 23

voyaged around the world successfully, voyaged to panama, made 3 total voyages, all around South Central, and North America

Question 24

Columbus

Answer 24

discovered america

Question 25

Francisco Pizarro

Answer 25

conquered Incan Empire

Question 26

Jacques Cartier

Answer 26

brought his french culture to the North America which helped cause the french-indian war.
also, cartier.s french customs were diffused with those of the natives creating the canadian culture

Question 27

Vasco DeGama

Answer 27

spice trade.
portugese colonization in Mozambique
resulted in competition between european powers

Question 28

What is the impact of the printing press? Who invented it?

Answer 28

Encouraged scholarly research and the desire to attain knowledge
new religious ideas of the reformation
would not have spread as rapidly as they did in the 16th century
european civilization competed with the civilization of china
Johannes Gutenberg

Question 29

What was the original plan of action for the Catholic Church when Luther posted the 95 theses? How did they treat anyone that left the church?

Answer 29

At first, they didn’t think he was any big deal, but then they wanted him to take back what he was saying, but when he didn’t they excommunicated him from the church. counter reformation