Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sophmore Year > Biology Final > Flashcards

Biology Final Flashcards

0
Q

What are important characteristics of life?

A

cells, DNA, growth and development, response, homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the study of life?

A

biology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

internal stability despite external disruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the main function of ribosomes?

A

manufacture proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What chemical compound holds the genetic code?

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the building blocks of DNA?

A

nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the bases made of?

A

nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are watson, crick, and franklin credited with?

A

discovery of the structure of double helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The sides of the DNA ladder are composed of

A

phosphate group and deoxyribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What 3 parts compose a nucleotide?

A

phosphate group, deoxyribose, nitrogen base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do the bases pair in DNA?

A

adenine with thymine

cytosine with guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do the bases pair when messenger RNa is created in transcription?

A

adenine with uracil

cytosine with Guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DNA to mRNA, to tRNA, to amino acids to proteins is the sequence of ________ synthesis

A

protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A sequence of nucleotides coding for the production of a protein is called a

A

Gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?

A

DNA- Deoxyribose, thymine, Double Helix

RNA- Ribose, Uracil, Single Helix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DNA composes these structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that are responsible for the transmission of hereditary information

A

chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

This project is determining the nucleotide sequence of each human gene

A

Human genome project

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why is DNA fingerprinting useful in criminal investigations?

A

no 2 individuals have same DNA fingerprint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is genetics?

A

the scientific study of heredity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Who was Gregor Mendel?

A

monk, studied pea plants “father of genetics”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain the difference between dominant and recessive

A

if both alleles present, dominant shows up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous

A

alleles are identical in homozygous

alleles are different in heterozygous

22
Q

Monohybrid crosses differ from dihybrid crosses how?

A

monohybrid follows one trait, dihybrid follows two

23
Q

Sex-linked traits are usually found on what chromosome?

A

X chromosome

24
Q

How are some ways that the risks of the inheritance of a genetic disorder are determined?

A

Amniocentesis
Karyotyping
Pedigrees

25
Q

What are some examples of the use of gene technology?

A

DNA fingerprinting, cloning
recombinant DNA
transgenic organism

26
Q

What is a karyotype?

A

a picture of chromosomes

27
Q

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype?

A

phenotype is physical characteristics

genotype genetic

28
Q

What does a pedigree show?

A

follows a trait through several generations

29
Q

Similar bone structures can demonstrate

A

common ancestry

30
Q

What are homologous structures?

A

Structures same in origin but do not have same function

31
Q

If organisms are closely related their DNA would show many

A

similArities

32
Q

Humans and chimps may have a common ancestor in very recent geologic history cause their ______ sequences are similar?

A

DNA

33
Q

How are phylogenetic trees created?

A

Based on evolutionary relationships

34
Q

How do hominids differ from other primates

A

upright walking, opposable thumb, increase in brain size

35
Q

What are the parts to the theory of natural selection?

A 
Natural variation exists
overproduction/overpopulation
competition
individuals best suited to the environment reproduce/survive
Over time, populations evolve
36
Q

According to Darwin, nature selects the organisms that are best

A

adapted

37
Q

Use and disuse was a theory developed by

A

Lamarck

38
Q

An internal network of tubes for transport is represented by

A

Tracheophytes

39
Q

Fern reproduce with

A

spores

40
Q

What does the cuticle do for a plant?

A

conserve water

41
Q

What is transpiration?

A

release of water from plant

42
Q

What are the functions of stomata and guard cells?

A

gas exchange

close and open stomates

43
Q

What parts of a plant are analogous to the veins and arteries of humans?

A

Xylem Phloem

44
Q

What are the males parts of a flower?

A

Stamen
Anther
Filament

45
Q

What are the female parts of a flower?

A

carpel- stigma, style, ovary

46
Q

The part of the flower that becomes the fruit is the

A

ovary

47
Q

this is where pollination occurs

A

stigma

48
Q

this is where fertilization takes place

A

ovary

49
Q

this is where pollen is produced

A

anther

50
Q

Examples of Bryophytes

A

mosses, liverworts

51
Q

Flowering plants are

A

angiosperms

52
Q

The evolution of modern plants from ______ represent a change in the need for water

A

algae

Sophmore Year (65 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions