Period 3 (1754-1800) Flashcards
Module 3.5
Who was Daniel Shay?
Auberon Schnyder
Daniel Jay was a veteran and famer. He led the Shay’s Rebellion, which protested unfair taxes and debt famers experienced. He gather 1,000 people in this rebellion.
Module 3-6
What were the Virginia and New Jersey Plans? What were their differences?
Jacquelyn St.Clair
The Constitutional Convention met to rediscuss the Articles (effectiveness of the government) - do we draft an entirely new document or do we amend the Articles?
Virginia Plan: representation based on population (favored larger states; became House of Representatives)
New Jersey Plan: equal representation of all states no matter their size (favored smaller states; became Senate)
Module 3-2
What was the Declaratory Act?
Jacquelyn St.Clair
1766; Announced Parliament’s authority to pass any law they wish to bind the colonies closer to Britain.
Module 3.5 and 3.9
How was Shay’s Rebellion different and similar to the Whiskey Rebellion
Auberon Schnyder
Similar:
Both rebellions were protesting unfair taxes on farmers.
Different:
The main difference too these two rebellions was the federal governments response. The response of Shay’s Rebellion was much less severe than to that of the Whiskey Rebellion. In the Whiskey Rebellion nearly 1300 soldiers were sent to stop the protest. Shay’s Rebellion was in 1786 while the Whiskey Rebellion was in 1791.
Module 3.9
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts
Auberon Schnyder
The Alien Acts were aimed at Irish and Scottish immigrants. It allowed the president to imprison or deport anyone without an American Citizenship. The Sedition Acts illegalized criticism on the Government.
Module 3.6
What is the difference between Antifederalist and the Federalist?
Modupe Erinle
Federalist: supported the US Constitution exactly how it was
Antifederalist: opposed ratification of the US Constitution due to fear of a large powerful centeral govt. would result in a tyrannical rule
What is the difference between a Federalist and an Antifederalist?
Brooklynn Dominguez
Federalists supported the radification of the constitution, whereas antifederalists did not
What was the constitutional Convention?
Brooklynn Dominguez
The constitutional Convention was a meeting of 55 delegates to draft the US constitution.
What was the Statute of Religious Freedom?
Brooklynn Dominguez
As part of the states forming their own governement, it was also decided that church involvment could be voluntary and not a necessary part of colonial life.
Module 3-9
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
Kai G.
The Alien and Sedition acts were put in place to reinforce Federalist power. The Alien Act gave the president the right to imprison or deport any non-citizens. The Sedition Act outlawed all statements against the president and limited political speech.
Module 3-4
What Battle and Treaty officially ended the American Revolution?
Kai G.
The Battle of Yorktown in 1781 is where the colonists were victorious over the British. The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783 where it officially ended the Revolution.
Module 3-1
What was created in result of the Seven Year’s War? (French and Indian War)
Kai G.
The Proclamation Line was created in 1763 which stated that British colonists could not settle past this line, which was west of the Appalachian mountains. This was created to hopefully prevent conflict between colonists and Native Americans.
Module 3-9
What Political Group did the Antifederalists Turn into
Selena Broussard
The Democratic-Republicans
Module 3-8
What departments did George Washington establish when became president?
Selena Broussard
Department of war, state, treasury, and justice
Module 3-2
What was the Boston Tea Party?
Selena Broussard
A rally against British tax policy organized by the Sons of Liberty on December 16, 1773, consisting of about fifty men disguised as American Indians who boarded British ships and dumped about forty-five tons of tea into the Boston Harbor.
Module 3-2
How did Pariament respond to the Boston Tea Party?
Katherine Xie
Parliament was very unhappy with the colonies, so they established the Coercive Acts and Quebec Acts, which was known among the colonists as the Intolerable Acts. The Coercive Acts closed Boston ports until colonists could pay for the tea, and the Quebec Acts sent more soldiers into Boston.
Module 3-5
What was the first step in forming the U.S.’s national government?
Katherine Xie
The Articles of Confederation provided a foundation for government but was not the final plan because of how unstable it was.
Module 3-7
What did slavery look like in the colonies after the American Revolution?
Katherine Xie
Despite creating a consitution that promoted protection of natural rights and freedoms, it didn’t apply to most of the enslaved population, but slavery started to lessen in the North than the South because of the differences in agricultural needs.
What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention in 1787?
The purpose of the meeting was to draft the United States Constitution.
What is the Bill of Rights?
The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the Constitution. It reassured Americans who feared the government would infringe upon their rights
How did the Battle of Saratoga impact the American Revolution?
The Battle of Saratoga boosted patriot moral and helped convince the French to join their side.
Module 3.9
What was passed to counter the Alien and Sedition Acts? What did they say?
Modupe Erinle
Virgina and Kentucky Resolutions:
Declared the Alien and Sedition Acts “void and of no force”
Module 3.8
What is the Bill of Rights?
Modupe Erinle
The 1st ammendments (10) that guarenteened rights of individuals + the states. It also was the document that made sure the Antifederalists ratified the US Constitution.
Module 3-2
What was Grenville’s three-pronged program?
Sophia Serino
- Stricter enforcement of laws.
- Wartime provisions into peacetime.
- Quartering Act
Module 3-4
What was the significance of the Battle of Yorktown?
Sophia Serino
Continental Army is victorious in the American Revolutionary war.
Module 3-4
What was the result of the Battle of Saratoga?
Sophia Serino
French ally with America
What is the Albany Plan of Union?
Emilia Tohen
-A plan by Benjamin Franklin
-creating a more centralized government, and creating a better relationship between colonists and American Indians
Who are the Anti-Federalists and what political party did they become?
Emilia Tohen
-opposed the ratification of the Constitution
-Democratic-Republicans
What was Shay’s Rebellion?
Emilia Tohen
Western Massachusetts veteran farmers rebellion was caused by them receiving no pay after the American Revolution
Who were the Sons of Liberty?
Olivia Michael
They were a political organization that fought against British taxation.
Example:
-Boston Tea Party
How did women help the Continental Army?
Olivia Michael
Women raised money, sewed clothes, and gathered military supplies
What is the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
Olivia Michael
The Royal Proclamation followed the Treaty of Paris after the 7 years’ war and controlled westward expansion.
Module 3-5
What year did Shay’s rebellion take place?
Madeleine Dixon
1786
3-5
What was a main reason for the formation of the Constitutional Convention?
Madeleine Dixon
Shay’s Rebellion showed the weaknesses’ of the Article’s of confederation, and they needed to fix it.
3-6
What was the 3/5ths compromise?
Madeleine Dixon
It was for states with large populations of enslaved people that weren’t counted as whole people but they would still count twords the state’s population.
3-5
What were the main ideas of the Northwest Ordinances?
Maya Giebitz
Abolished slavery in northwestern territory
Divided new lands into townships
Don’t take American Indian lands without consent
3-3
What was the purpose of the Continental Congress?
Maya Giebitz
A meeting between representatives of the colonies (except Georgia) to discuss resisting further violations of liberties by British tyranny in response to the intolerable acts.
3-9
What were the Jay and Pinckney Treaties?
Maya Giebitz
Jay Treaty: Addressed concerns with British trade and occupation but failed to address reimbursement for captured cargo.
Pinckney Treaty: Agreement between Spain and U.S ensuring the U.S access to the Mississippi River and the port of New Orleans
What was Dunmore’s Proclamation? (Ed)
Dunmore’s Proclamation said that all enslaved people who joined the British military would be granted their freedom
What act was passed shortly after the Stamp Act was repealed to help prove/reassert British dominance? (Ed)
Declatory Act
What was the Whiskey Rebellion? (Ed)
The Whiskey Rebellion was a farmer uprising against whiskey tax and shared many things in common with Shay’s rebellionlike burning down buildings and the ideas of unfair taxation. The most important part of the Whiskey Rebellion was that it was stopped legally by the government (Washington’s troops) becasue the new constitutional laws allowed it
What was the Treaty of Fort Stanswick?
The Treaty of Fort Stanswick was a treaty signed by various American Indian leaders agreeing to the surrender of western New York and the Ohio River Valley to the U.S
How did Britain’s rule over the colonies affect the government policies passed by the states during and after the Revolutionary War?
The states created a weak central government with little power through the Articles of Confederation in order to prevent any form of tyranny, though this was later reformed through the Constitution.
Why was Jay’s Treaty considered to be a topic of political dispute?
While it did successfully secure the US trading rights in the British West Indies, it did not get the British to agree to compensate the US for their seized cargo, instead forcing the US to repay Britain for any debts incurred during the Revolutionary War
What was the Declaratory Act and why did it happen?
The Declaratory Act was passed by the British parliament in 1766 after revoking the stamp act. It happened because the British Parliament wanted to reassert authority in the colonies
What was the New Jersey plan and what did it do?
The New Jersey Plan was a proposal to the 1787 Constitutional Convention. It illuminated the needs of small states by creating one legislative house in the federal government and granting each state equal representation.
What was the Jay Treaty and what did it say?
The Jay Treaty was a 1796 treaty that required British forces to leave U.S. soil, Americans to repay debts to British Firms, and limited U.S. trade with the British West Indies
What aspects of American culture were unique to America?
Xavi Vranka
American artwork changed and started to include patriotic symbols and art, such as Generals, eagles, lady liberty, and more. Ideas about education also changed, and the idea of a public education system was brought to life.
How did Englightenment ideas affect the Constitution?
Xavi Vranka
Enlightenment ideas majorly affected the constitution with ideas about Natural Rights. The Constitution had a very central focus of rights that could not be taken away or controlled by the government, like liberty, and this influenced the making of the Bill of Rights.
How did the 7 Years War affect the future of America (long term)?
Xavi Vranka
The 7 years war put Great Britain into a great amount of debt, which left the British to decide how to relieve this debt. The idea of taxing their colonies in the Americas came to lights, and after the first acts were placed, the colonists gained new ideas about their connections to the British Government.
3-6
During the drafting of the Constitution, what plan favored representation of smaller states?
Chiara Padilla
The New Jersey Plan was a proposal that favored a unicameral legislature and provided equal representation of all states despite population.
3-9
What was XYZ affair?
Chiara Padilla
A controversial event in which french diplomats demanded a bribe from the US to help assist the US against British powers.
3-3
What was the purpose of the Second Continental Congress?
Chiara Padilla
National government formed by colonies during Revolutionary War that appointed Continental Army, conducted negotiations, and appointed generals.
What was the Peace of Paris?
3-1
The treaty ending the Seven Years War, Britain gained a lot of land from it and became the biggest European power in control of America.
What was the Declaratory Act?
3-2
The Declaratory Act was a 1766 act, confirming Parliament’s authority over the colonies and making sure they were still British colonies.
What is the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?
3-4
It was the battle in 1777, NY, where Patriots won and helped convince France that they should join the Patriots.
3-7
How did women broadcast their beliefs politically despite the fact they were unable to vote?
Finn Brandt
A concept known as Republican Motherhood supported education of women to teach their sons about republican government since they would eventually be able to vote.
3-5
How did the US begin ensuring the payment of overdue wages to soldiers after the Revolution?
Finn Brandt
Soldiers were often paid half their wages, and then left with commutation certificates which guaranteed that they would be paid at some point.
3-6
How were enslaved persons represented or proportionized in the House of Representatives?
Finn Brandt
The Three-Fifths compromise is what Northern and Southern delegates agreed on when trying to figure out how slaves would be represented in the House since they were citizens, each slave representing 3/5 of a person.
Module 3-1
What ended the 7 years war?
Addison Cates
The peace of Paris which was signed in 1763
Module 3-1
What was the Proclamation line?
Addison Cates
The proclamation line was imposed by the British government that denied the colonists the right to settle west of the Appalachian mountains. It was created to try to eliminate conflicts between colonists and American Indians.
Module 3-2
What were the Declaratory Acts?
Addison Cates
Parliament wanted to show Britain’s political supremacy so they passed the Declaratory act that gave them the authority to pass any law. The Declaratory act was passed after the Stamp Act was revoked.
Module 3-1
What was the Seven Years’ War and who was it between?
Sowmya Sankaran
The Seven Years’ War was a war between Britain and France that was fought in North America and Europe, ending in France ceding a lot of its territory to England.
Module 3-2
What were committees of correspondence?
Sowmya Sankaran
Committes of correspondence were commitees in Massachussets to circulate any reports of concerns and rebellions to other colonies’ leaders after the Sugar Act
Module 3-9
What was the Neutrality Proclamation?
Sowmya Sankaran
The Neutrality Proclamation was a proclamation made in 1793 that declared that the US was neutral regarding any conflicts between other nations such as France and Great Britain. This was made by George Washington during the French Revolution, when France declared war on Great Britain and other countries, but Great Britain ignored this proclamation and seized US ships anyway.
Mod. 3-7
What was Republican Motherhood?
Grace Morneau
Republican motherhood was the idea that in order to raise politically competent sons, women should be educated in basic subjects to prepare them.
Mod. 3-9
What was the Jay Treaty?
Grace Morneau
The Jay Treaty was a treaty signed by John Jay in 1796 that negotiated the withdrawal of British forces from the colonies in exchange for colonial payment of all American debt to British firms.
Mod. 3-6
What is the electoral college?
Grace Morneau
The electoral college is a group of electors who vote for the president after the general election (a compromise between popular vote and congressional vote)
Module 3-1
What are some results of the Seven Years’ War?
Anne Xuan
British won. British gained France’s land west of Appalachian Mountains. Britain became in debt. George Washington. There was increased conflict with Native Americans.
Dividing into two sides of Antifederalists and Federalist, how did these people in the Constitution Convention ended up in a new Constitution?
Anne Xuan
Federalists support strong central government, but Antifederalists oppose. They fear too much power of the central government so the Federalists convinced them by adding the Bill of Rights to the Constitution.
What are some ways that the Federalists and Democratic-Repuclicans different in?
Anne X
Federalists represents wealthier people, favored a central bank, and wanted stronger central government. Democratic-Republicans represents common people and wanted more balance between states and national government.
Module 3-4
What were some ways women helped in the American Revolution?
Chloe Gentry
They helped by supplying the armies/militias with food, clothes, overall supplies, helping wounded soldiers, raising funds, and also opening their homes to soldiers.
Module 3-2
What were the Virginia Resolves?
Chloe Gentry
It was five resolutions denouncing taxation without representation.
Module 3-7
What is republican motherhood?
Chloe Gentry
The idea that mother’s could best shape political ideas in their sons.
module 3-6
What was the Three-Fifths Compromise
Callia Jesurun
It stated that enslaved aafrican americans be counted as three-fifths of one whole person for the purpose of representation of each state.
What was the declaratory act?
An act from the British stating control over the colonies.
What happened to enslaved people who fought in the war?
They were granted freedom.
module 3-5
What were the effects of Shays’ Rebellion?
Callia Jesurun
Shays’ rebellion displayed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation, prompting their revision into the Constitution.
module 3.8
What was the Whiskey Rebellion and what effects did it have?
Callia Jesurun
Farmers protesting the whiskey tax, imposed on them by Hamilton’s policies. Unlike Shay’s Rebellion, the government was fit to respond and it was crushed by washington. It showed the strength of the federal government but also deepened the divide between growing political parties, as some thought Washington’s response too harsh.
3.3
What were the natural rights which were granted in the Declaration of Independence?
Jude Luehring
All men are granted the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
3.8
What was a major precedent which Washington set during his presidency?
Jude Luehring
One precedent set by Washington was the length of how long presidents are in office for.
3.6
How many states were required to ratify the constitution?
Jude Luehring
9 states had to ratify the constitution for it to be put into place. The Constitutional Convention decided that getting all states to ratify the constitution would be unnecesary.
