PERIOD 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what observations can be seen when sodium burns in oxygen? (1)

A

Sodium burns with a yellow flame to
produce a white solid.

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2
Q

what observations can be seen when Mg, Al, Si and P burns in oxygen? (1)

A

Mg, Al, Si and P burn with a white flame
to give white solid smoke

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3
Q

what observations can be seen when sulphur burns in oxygen? (1)

A

S burns with a blue flame to form an acidic choking gas

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4
Q

what observations can be seen when sodium burns in cold water?

A

Sodium reacts with cold water. It fizzes
around on surface etc.

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5
Q

what structures do metal oxides form? (1)

A

They have Ionic giant lattice structures: strong forces of attraction between
ions.

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6
Q

what are the ionic oxides in period 3? (3)

A

Na2O, MgO, Al2O3

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7
Q

what are the macromolecular oxides in period 3? (1)

A

SiO2 is Macromolecular

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8
Q

what are the simple molecular oxides in period 3? (2)

A

P4O10 (s), SO2 (g) are simple molecular with weak intermolecular forces between molecules.

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9
Q

how is aluminium layer protected from corrosion? (2)

A

by a thin layer of aluminium oxide. The
high lattice strength of aluminium oxide and its insolubility in water make this layer impermeable to air and water.
Sodium is stored under oil and phosphorus under water to stop these
elements coming into contact and reacting with air.

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10
Q

how to metal ionic oxides tend to react in water? (1)

A

Metal ionic oxides solutions across the period. tend to react with water to form hydroxides which are alkaline

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11
Q

why do aluminium oxide and silicon oxide not dissolve in water?

A

do not dissolve in water because of the high strength of the Al2O3 ionic lattice and the SiO2 macromolecular structure.

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12
Q

how do non-metal, simple molecular, covalent, oxides react with water? (1)

A

they give acids.

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13
Q

what products are observed when phosphorus oxide reacts with water? (2)

A

forms phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
pH= 0

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14
Q

what products are observed when sulphur dioxide reacts with water? (2)

A

sulphuric acid (III) (H2SO3)
pH= 3 (weak acid)

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15
Q

what products are observed when sulphur trioxide reacts with water? (2)

A

sulphuric acid (V) (H2SO4)
pH= 0

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16
Q

Why is magnesium oxide better at treating water in rivers rather than sodium hydroxide? (1)

A

because it is only sparingly alkaline, sodium hydroxide on the other hand is strongly alkaline and therefore is harmful to the environment.

17
Q

what behaviour do ionic metal oxides show? (1)

A

show basic behaviour.

18
Q

what behaviour do non-metal covalent oxides show? (1)

A

show acidic behaviour.

19
Q

why is aluminium oxide different in terms of behaviour? (2)

A

is shown through its slightly intermediate bonding nature, it shows amphoteric behaviour; it can act as both a base and acid.

20
Q

what are the products of base oxides reacting with acids? (1)

A

they make salts and water.

21
Q

what is the charge on; sulphuric (V) acid? (1)

A

SO4(2-)

22
Q

what is the charge on; phosphoric (V) acid? (1)

A

PO4(3-)

23
Q

what are the products of molecular acidic oxides reacting with bases? (1)

A

form salts.

24
Q

why does silicon dioxide now dissolve in water and weak solutions of alkalis? (2)

A

silicon dioxide has a giant covalent structure with very strong bonds. it will however react with concentrated sodium hydroxide. (it is still classified as an acidic oxide)