NOMENCLATURE Flashcards
What is nomenclature? (1)
Naming of organic compounds.
Who developed the system for naming organic compounds? (1)
IUPAC- the international in union of pure and applied chemistry.
What is meant by a ‘root’? (1)
A systematic name has a ‘root’ that tells us the longest unbranched hydrocarbon chain or ring.
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘meth’ have? (1)
1
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘eth’ have? (1)
2
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘prop’ have? (1)
3
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘but’ have? (1)
4
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘pent’ have? (1)
5
How many carbons does a organic compound that starts with ‘hex’ have? (1)
6
What is meant when an organic compound has the ending of ‘ane’? (1)
‘Ane’ means no double bonds
What is meant when an organic compound has the ending of ‘ene’? (1)
‘Ene’ means there is a double bond.
What are prefixes and suffixes? (1)
Describe the changes that have been made to the root molecule.
Where are prefixes found? (1)
Are added to the beginning of the root. E.g a side chain.
What are some examples of side chains, in terms of prefixes? (4)
-methyl
-ethyl
-propyl
-butyl
Where are suffixes found? (1)
Are added to the end of the root. E.g alcohols
What are functional groups? (1)
A hydrocarbon that has one or more reactive groups attached to it.
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-ane
alkane
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
alkyl-
branched alkane
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-ene
alkene
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-ol
alcohol
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-al
aldehyde
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-one
ketone
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-oic acid
carboxylic acid
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-alkyl, -oate
esters
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-amine
amines
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-amide
amides
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-oyl chloride
acyl chlorides
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
cyclo-, -ane
cyclo alkanes
what homologous group does this prefix/suffix belong to? (1)
-benzene or phenyl
arenes
what do curly arrows symbolise? (1)
the arrow starts at the bond or bond pair where the electrons are at the beginning of the reaction, the arrow points to where the new bond is formed at the end of the reaction.
